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The Split-Brain Paradigm

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Abstract

The split-brain findings and their implications for conscious experience are reviewed. The thesis is presented that the left and right hemispheres of split-brain patients mediate separate spheres of conscious experience. The notion of dual consciousness is then extended to the normal state with corpus callosum intact and the conclusion drawn that individual brains plausibly contain at least two separate streams of conscious experience, one in each hemisphere. In light of the possibility of multiple consciousness per brain, the focus of the next few chapters will be directed specifically to verbally reportable conscious experience (vr-conscious experience), that form of conscious experience mediated uniquely by the left hemisphere, with the proviso that the discussion will be expanded in Chap. 11 to include conscious experiences of all varieties.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Bogen 1997.

  2. 2.

    Bradshaw 1999.

  3. 3.

    Dandy 1936, p. 40.

  4. 4.

    Van Wagenen 1940.

  5. 5.

    Wickens 2005.

  6. 6.

    Sperry 1961a, p. 43.

  7. 7.

    Sperry 1961a.

  8. 8.

    Geschwind 1962, p. 678.

  9. 9.

    Bogen 1997.

  10. 10.

    Gazzaniga 2005.

  11. 11.

    Gordon 1969.

  12. 12.

    Sperry 1966–1967.

  13. 13.

    Goldstein 1908.

  14. 14.

    Geschwind 1981.

  15. 15.

    Gazzaniga 1962.

  16. 16.

    Gazzaniga 1970.

  17. 17.

    Levy 1971.

  18. 18.

    Sperry 1966.

  19. 19.

    Morin 2002; Eccles 1965.

  20. 20.

    Sperry 1982, p. 1223.

  21. 21.

    Zaidel 1977.

  22. 22.

    Sperry 1961; Gazzaniga 1967.

  23. 23.

    Sperry 1969; Gazzaniga 1967; Trevarthan 1987.

  24. 24.

    Trevarthan 1987.

  25. 25.

    Sperry 1982.

  26. 26.

    Sperry 1982.

  27. 27.

    Ellenberg 1980.

  28. 28.

    Sperry 1969.

  29. 29.

    Sperry 1984.

  30. 30.

    Sperry 1984; 1966–1967.

  31. 31.

    Sperry 1984.

  32. 32.

    Sperry 1984, p. 665.

  33. 33.

    Koch 2009; Tononi 2008.

  34. 34.

    Block 2007.

  35. 35.

    Sperry 1969, p. 275.

  36. 36.

    Nagel 1979.

  37. 37.

    Sperry 1966, p. 301.

  38. 38.

    Sperry 1964, p. 46.

  39. 39.

    Gazzaniga 1970, pp. 71–72.

  40. 40.

    Geschwind 1962.

  41. 41.

    Gazzaniga 2013.

  42. 42.

    Sperry 1982, p. 1225.

  43. 43.

    Sperry 1966, p. 301.

  44. 44.

    Sperry 1969.

  45. 45.

    Gazzaniga 1977, pp. 1146, 1147.

  46. 46.

    Gazzaniga 1995, p. 225.

  47. 47.

    Galin 1977, p. 398.

  48. 48.

    Gazzaniga 1978.

  49. 49.

    Gazzaniga 1989, 1995.

  50. 50.

    Sperry 1984.

  51. 51.

    Wigan 1844.

  52. 52.

    Puccetti 1981.

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Sevush, S. (2016). The Split-Brain Paradigm. In: The Single-Neuron Theory. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33708-1_6

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