Skip to main content

Detection of Steady State in Pedestrian Experiments

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Traffic and Granular Flow '15

Abstract

Initial conditions could have strong influences on the dynamics of pedestrian experiments. Thus, a careful differentiation between transient state and steady state is important and necessary for a thorough study. In this contribution a modified CUSUM algorithm is proposed to automatically detect steady state from time series of pedestrian experiments. Major modifications on the statistics include introducing a step function to enhance the sensitivity, adding a boundary to limit the increase, and simplifying the calculation to improve the computational efficiency. Furthermore, the threshold of the detection parameter is calibrated using an autoregressive process. By testing the robustness, the modified CUSUM algorithm is able to reproduce identical steady state with different references. Its application well contributes to accurate analysis and reliable comparison of experimental results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bukáček, M., Hrabák, P., Krbálek, M.: Experimental analysis of two-dimensional pedestrian flow in front of the bottleneck. In: Traffic and Granular Flow’13, pp. 93–101. Springer (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cepolina, E.M.: Phased evacuation: an optimisation model which takes into account the capacity drop phenomenon in pedestrian flows. Fire Saf. J. 44(4), 532–544 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Chattaraj, U., Seyfried, A., Chakroborty, P.: Comparison of pedestrian fundamental diagram across cultures. Adv. Complex Syst. 12(03), 393–405 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Christensen, K., Sharifi, M.S., Stuart, D., Chen, A., Kim, Y.S., Chen, Y.: Overview of a large-scale controlled experiment on pedestrian walking behavior involving individual with disabilities. In: The 93rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington D.C., Jan 2014

    Google Scholar 

  5. Duives, D., Daamen, W., Hoogendoorn, S.: Anticipation behavior upstream of a bottleneck. Transp. Res. Procedia 2, 43–50 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Fernández, R., Valencia, A., Seriani, S.: On passenger saturation flow in public transport doors. Transp. Res. Part A: Policy Pract. 78, 102–112 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fujii, K., Sano, T.: Experimental study on crowd flow passing through ticket gates in railway stations. Transp. Res. Procedia 2, 630–635 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Garcimartín, A., Pastor, J., Ferrer, L., Ramos, J., Martín-Gómez, C., Zuriguel, I.: Flow and clogging of a sheep herd passing through a bottleneck. Phys. Rev. E 91(2), 022808 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Vicsek, T.: Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature 407(6803), 487–490 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Krausz, B., Bauckhage, C.: Loveparade 2010: automatic video analysis of a crowd disaster. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 116(3), 307–319 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lemercier, S., Moreau, M., Moussaïd, M., Theraulaz, G., Donikian, S., Pettré, J.: Reconstructing motion capture data for human crowd study. In: Motion in Games, pp. 365–376. Springer (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lian, L., Mai, X., Song, W., Richard, Y.K.K., Wei, X., Ma, J.: An experimental study on four-directional intersecting pedestrian flows. J. Stat. Mech. Theory Exp. 2015(8), P08024 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Liao, W., Seyfried, A., Zhang, J., Boltes, M., Zheng, X., Zhao, Y.: Experimental study on pedestrian flow through wide bottleneck. Transp. Res. Procedia 2, 26–33 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Liao, W., Tordeux, A., Seyfried, A., Chraibi, M., Drzycimski, K., Zheng, X., Zhao, Y.: Measuring the steady state of pedestrian flow in bottleneck experiments. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl. (2016 in press). doi:10.1016/j.physa.2016.05.051

    Google Scholar 

  15. Page, E.: Continuous inspection schemes. Biometrika 41(1/2), 100–115 (1954)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Rupprecht, T., Klingsch, W., Seyfried, A.: Influence of geometry parameters on pedestrian flow through bottleneck. In: Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, pp. 71–80. Springer (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Schadschneider, A., Klingsch, W., Klüpfel, H., Kretz, T., Rogsch, C., Seyfried, A.: Evacuation dynamics: empirical results, modeling and applications. In: Meyers, R.A. (ed.) Extreme Environmental Events, pp. 517–550. Springer (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Seitz, M.J., Dietrich, F., Köster, G.: The effect of stepping on pedestrian trajectories. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl. 421, 594–604 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Seyfried, A., Passon, O., Steffen, B., Boltes, M., Rupprecht, T., Klingsch, W.: New insights into pedestrian flow through bottlenecks. Transp. Sci. 43(3), 395–406 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Shimura, K., Ohtsuka, K., Vizzari, G., Nishinari, K., Bandini, S.: Mobility analysis of the aged pedestrians by experiment and simulation. Pattern Recogn. Lett. 44, 58–63 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weichen Liao .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Liao, W., Tordeux, A., Seyfried, A., Chraibi, M., Zheng, X., Zhao, Y. (2016). Detection of Steady State in Pedestrian Experiments. In: Knoop, V., Daamen, W. (eds) Traffic and Granular Flow '15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33482-0_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics