Abstract
Crack growth simulations and residual life predictions often only take constant amplitude loads into account as described in Chap. 4. During its operating period however, a component is exposed to service loads comprising various load changes such as overloads and underloads, block loads or changes in load direction. These do not generally occur regularly, but are occasional effects ensuing from the overall usage scenario. Such service loads lead to interaction effects that can extend or reduce residual life.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Klätschke, H.: Ableitung und Generierung von Lasten für Berechnung und Versuch. In: DVM-Weiterbildungsseminar Teil 1—Von der Betriebsmessung zur Lastannahme, Osnabrück (2002)
Schijve, J.: Fatigue of Structures and Materials. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht (2001)
Heuler, P.: Experimentelle und numerische Ansätze für den Lebensdauernachweis von Kraftfahrzeugstrukturen. In: DVM-Bericht 239: Bruchmechanik und Bauteilsicherheit, S. 7–22. DVM, Berlin (2007)
Haibach, E.: Betriebsfestigkeit – Verfahren und Daten zur Bauteilberechnung. Springer, Berlin (2002)
Heuler, P., Klätschke, H.: Generation and use of standardised load spectra and load-time histories. Int. J. Fatigue 27, 974–990 (2005)
Johannesson, P.: Extrapolation of rainflow matrices. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 29, 201–207 (2005)
Buxbaum, O.: Betriebsfestigkeit. Sichere und wirtschaftliche Bemessung schwingbruchgefährdeter Bauteile. Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldorf (1992)
Dreßler, K., Gründer, B., Hack, M., Köttgen, V.B.: Extrapolation of rainflow matrices. In: SAE Technical Paper 960569, 1996
Johannesson, P., Thomas, J.-J.: Extrapolation of rainflow matrices. Extremes 4, 241–262 (2001)
ASTM: Annual Book of ASTM Standards 1997. Section 3: Metals Test Methods and Analytical Procedures, Volume 03.01, Metals—Mechanical Testing; Elevated and Low-Temperature Tests; Metallography
Westermann-Friedrich, A., Zenner, H.: Zählverfahren zur Bildung von Kollektiven aus Zeitfunktionen – Vergleich der verschiedenen Verfahren und Beispiele. FVA-Merkblatt, Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik. Frankfurt (1999)
Amzallag, C., Gerey, J.P., Robert, J.L., Bahuaud, J.: Standardization of the rainflow counting method for fatigue analysis. Int. J. Fatigue 16, 287–293 (1994)
Anthes, R.J.: Modified rainflow counting keeping the load sequence. Int. J. Fatigue 19, 529–536 (1997)
ten Have, A.A.: European approaches in standard spectrum development. In: Potter, J.M., Watanabe, R.T. (eds.): Development of Fatigue Loading Spectra. ASTM STP 1006, S. 17–35 (1989)
Berger, C., Eulitz, K.-G., Heuler, P., Kotte, K.-L., Naundorf, H., Schütz, W., Sonsino, C.M., Wimmer, A., Zenner, H.: Betriebsfestigkeit in Germany—an overview. Int. J. Fatigue 24, 603–625 (2002)
Bernard, P.J., Lindley, T.C., Richards, C.E.: Mechanisms of overload retardation during fatigue crack propagation. In: Wie, R.P., Stephens, R.I. (eds.): Fatigue crack growth under spectrum loads. ASTM STP 595, S. 78–97 (1976)
Sander, M.: Einfluss variabler Belastung auf das Ermüdungsrisswachstum in Bauteilen und Strukturen. Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 18, Nr. 287, VDI Verlag, Düsseldorf (2003)
Sander, M., Richard, H.A.: Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading - part I: experimental investigations. Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct. 29, 291–302 (2006)
Ward-Close, C.M., Ritchie, R.O: On the role of crack closure mechanisms in influencing fatigue crack growth following tensile overloads in a titanium alloy: near threshold versus high ΔK behaviour. In: Newman, J.C. Jr. (ed.): Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Closure. ASTM STP 982, S. 93–111 (1988)
Petit, J., Tintillier, R., Ranganathan, N., Ait Abdeaim, M., Chalant, G.: Influence of the microstructure and environment on fatigue crack propagation affected by single or repeated overloads in a 7075 alloy. In: Petit, J., Davidson, D.L., Surresh, S., Rabbe, P. (eds.): Fatigue Crack Growth Under Variable Amplitude Loading, S. 162–179. Elsevier Applied Science, London (1988)
Skorupa, M.: Empirical trends and prediction models for fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading. ECN-R-96-07, Netherlands Energy Research Foundation, Petten (1996)
Schijve, J.: Fatigue crack growth under variable-amplitude loading. In: ASM Handbook. Fatigue and Fracture, vol. 19, S. 110–133 (1997)
Barsom, J.M.: Fatigue Crack Growth Under Variable-Amplitude Loading in ASTM A514 Grade B Steel. In: Wie, R.P., Stephens, R.I. (eds.): Fatigue crack growth under spectrum loads, ASTM STP 595, Philadelphia, 1976, S. 217–235
Hudson, C.M.: A Root-Mean-Square Approach for Predicting Fatigue Crack Growth under Random Loading. In: Chang, J.B., Hudson, C.M. (eds.): Methods and Models for Predicting Fatigue Crack Growth under Random Loading. ASTM STP 748, Philadelphia, 1981, S. 41–52
Bignonnet, A., Sixou, Y., Verstavel, J.-M.: Equivalent loading approach to predict fatigue crack growth under random loading. In: Petit, J., Davidson, D.L., Surresh, S., Rabbe, P. (eds.) Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading, pp. 372–383. Elsevier Applied Science, London (1988)
Kam, J., Dover, W.: Fatigue crack growth in offshore welded tubular joints under real live variable amplitude loading. In: Petit, J., Davidson, D.L., Surresh, S., Rabbe, P. (eds.) Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading, pp. 384–400. Elsevier Applied Science, London (1988)
Dominguez, J.: Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading. In: Carpinteri, A. (ed.) Handbook of Fatigue Crack Propagation in Metallic Structures, pp. 955–997. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam (1994)
de Koning, A.U.: A simple crack closure model for prediction of fatigue crack growth rates under variable-amplitude loading. In: Roberts, R. (ed.): Fracture Mechanics, ASTM STP 743, ASTM, 1981, S. 63–85
Padmadinata, U.H.: Investigation of crack-closure prediction models for fatigue in aluminium alloy sheet under flight-simulation loading. Dissertation, Technische Universität Delft (1990)
Hahn, H.G.: Bruchmechanik: Einführung in die theoretischen Grundlagen. Teubner-Studienbücher, Mechanik, Stuttgart (1976)
Gray, T.D., Gallagher, J.P.: Predicting fatigue crack retardation following a single overload using a modified wheeler model. In: Rice, J.R., Paris, P.C. (eds.): Mechanics of Crack Growth, ASTM STP 590, ASTM, Philadelphia, 1976, S. 331–344
NASA: Fatigue Crack Growth Computer Program “NASGRO” Version 3.0 – Reference Manual, JSC-22267B, NASA, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Centre, Texas, 2000
Xiaoping, H., Moan, T., Weicheng, C.: An engineering model of fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading. Int. J. Fatigue 30, 2–10 (2008)
Aliaga, D., Davy, S., Schaff, H.: A simple crack closure model for predicting fatigue crack growth under flight simulation loading. In: Newman, Jr., J.C., Elber, W. (eds.): Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Closure. ASTM STP 982, Philadelphia, 1987, S. 491–504
Baudin, G., Labourdette, R., Robert, M.: Prediction of crack growth under spectrum loadings with ONERA model. In: Petit, J., Davidson, D.L., Surresh, S., Rabbe, P. (eds.) Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading, pp. 292–308. Elsevier Applied Science, London (1988)
Newman, Jr., J.C.: A crack-closure model for predicting fatigue crack growth under aircraft spectrum loading. In: Chang, J.B., Hudson, C.M. (eds.): Methods and Models for Predicting Fatigue Crack Growth under Random Loading. ASTM STP 748, Philadelphia, 1981, S. 53–84
de Koning, A.U., van der Linden, H.H.: Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates Under Variable Loading Using a Simple Crack Closure Model. NLR MP 81023U, National Aerospace Laboratory, NLR, Amsterdam (1981)
Beretta, S., Carboni, M.: A Strip-Yield algorithm for the analysis of closure evaluation near the crack tip. Eng. Fract. Mech. 72, 1222–1237 (2005)
Kim, J.H., Lee, S.B.: Prediction of crack opening stress for part-through cracks and its verification using a modified strip-yield model. Eng. Fract. Mech. 66, 1–14 (2000)
Wang, G.S., Blom, A.F.: A strip model for fatigue crack growth predictions under general load conditions. Eng. Fract. Mech. 40, 507–533 (1991)
Richard, H.A., Linnig, W., Henn, K.: Fatigue crack propagation under combined loading. Forensic Eng 3, 99–109 (1991)
Sander, M., Richard, H.A.: Effects of block loading and mixed mode loading on the fatigue cack growth. In: Blom, A.F. (ed.): Fatigue 2002. Proceedings of the 8th International Fatigue Congress, Stockholm, 2002, S. 2895–2902
Richard, H.A.: Specimen for investigating biaxial fracture and fatigue process. In: Brown, M.W., Miller, K.J. (eds.) Biaxial and Multiaxial Fatigue, EGF 3, pp. 217–229. Mechanical Engineering Publications, London (1989)
Sander, M.: Sicherheit und Betriebsfestigkeit von Maschinen und Anlagen. Springer, Berlin (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Richard, H.A., Sander, M. (2016). Fatigue Crack Growth Under Service Loads. In: Fatigue Crack Growth. Solid Mechanics and Its Applications, vol 227. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32534-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32534-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-32532-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-32534-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)