Abstract
Conservation Action Planning (CAP) has been developed by the international organization known as The Nature Conservancy as a model of adaptive management dedicated to professionals in the field of conservation biology and environmental management.
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The other two major models are the Major Habitat Assessment and the Eco-regional Assessment. They are mainly focused on the selection of objectives and priorities, whereas CAP is mainly based on the choice of the most appropriate strategy useful for achieving the objectives. However, as far as result assessment is concerned, the three models all share similar aspects (Esselman 2007).
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Such an approach is contained in the Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation (aka, Open Standards) which has been defined thanks to the support of the major associations and government agencies around the world. Information and materials are available on http://www.conservationmeasures.org. Interestingly, the Open Standards methodology entails a specific software called Miradi which is capable of handling all information concerning a given project in a dynamic and coherent way. It can also prove a useful tool to share the project findings at various levels.
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The main steps are the following: project scope, focal elements, stress and source, strategy, success (see the box in this section).
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Also utilizing categories, such as for example: Very Good (the indicator functions within an excellent ecological scenario and needs little intervention to maintain its status within its natural range of variation); Good (the indicator is functioning within its natural range of variation, although it may require some intervention for its maintenance); Fair (the indicator lies outside of its natural range and requires intervention for its maintenance; if unchecked it will be vulnerable to serious degradation); Poor (allowing the indicator to remain in this condition for an extended period will make it impossible to get it back to an acceptable condition—because the process would be too complicated, costly, or simply not reversible).
References
Esselman R (2007) Conservation action planning: introduction. The nature conservancy. http://conserveonline.org/workspaces/cbdgateway/cap/practices/index_html
Hockings M, Stolton S, Dudley N (2000) Evaluating effectiveness: a framework for assessing the management of protected areas. Cardiff University and World Commission of Protected Areas, IUCN, Gland
Parrish J, Braun DP, Unnasch RS (2003) Are we conserving what we say we are: measuring ecological integrity within protected areas. Bioscience 53:851–860
TNC (The Nature Conservancy) (2000) The five-S framework for site conservation: a practitioner’s handbook for site conservation planning and measuring conservation success, vol I, II edn. The Nature Conservation, Arlington
TNC (The Nature Conservancy) (2007) Conservation action planning: the nature conservancy. Version February 2007. http://conserveonline.org/workspaces/cbdgateway/cap/resources/2/1/handbook
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Battisti, C., Poeta, G., Fanelli, G. (2016). Including Threats in Adaptive Management. In: An Introduction to Disturbance Ecology. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32476-0_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32476-0_13
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