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The Kiwifruit Genome pp 163–177Cite as

Ascorbic Acid-Related Genes

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Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

Abstract

The fruit of Actinidia are unusual in that they contain very high concentrations of vitamin C—over 80 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW) in commercial cultivars and over 800 mg/100 g FW in some wild species. In this review, we describe the genes for various proposed pathways for ascorbate production, via l-galactose, via glucuronate from myo-inositol and via galacturonate from pectin. We then focus on the l-galactose pathway genes and enzymes identified in kiwifruit. We also discuss the presence of genes that recycle ascorbate and the production of oxalate, another metabolite with a high concentration in kiwifruit. Lastly, we discuss two levels of regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis in kiwifruit, at the transcriptional level through the gene that encodes the enzyme GDP-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) and at the translational level through feedback control of GGP translation involving a upstream open reading frame on the 5′ untranslated region of GGP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd, 412 no 1 Road, RD 2, 3182, Te Puke, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand

    Sean Michael Bulley

  2. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Batchelar Road, Palmerston North, 4474, New Zealand

    William Laing

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  1. Sean Michael Bulley
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Correspondence to Sean Michael Bulley .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

    Raffaele Testolin

  2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, China

    Hong-Wen Huang

  3. for Plant & Food Research, The New Zealand Institute, Auckland, New Zealand

    Allan Ross Ferguson

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Bulley, S.M., Laing, W. (2016). Ascorbic Acid-Related Genes. In: Testolin, R., Huang, HW., Ferguson, A. (eds) The Kiwifruit Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32274-2_13

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