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Hypertension and Brain Damage pp 75–89Cite as

Hypertension and Ischaemic Stroke Subtypes

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Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

Abstract

Stroke is listed as a second leading cause of death worldwide following CV disease and remains a major public health problem. This condition is associated with poor prognosis, a high rate of recurrence, increased mortality and rising costs to the healthcare system. With a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis, stroke is a heterogeneous vascular disease which determines clinical course and outcomes. Among numerous well-recognised cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, arterial hypertension is a major causative contributor of cerebrovascular disease. Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a critical determinant of the increased risk for developing two major types of stroke, ischaemic and haemorrhage. While annually more than 12 million strokes are attributable to high BP, a higher risk of acute stroke is also evident in the prehypertensive state with evidence indicating that a stepwise increase in BP from the threshold of 115/75 mmHg is directly linked to stroke-related death. Advances in cardiovascular and brain imaging have importantly contributed to the precise identification of stroke subtype likely leading to improved patient outcomes. Although lowering BP and improving adherence to medication can substantially reduce the risk of stroke, available evidence indicates that not all stroke subtypes is caused by established hypertension.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine and Pharmacology – Royal Perth Hospital Unit, The University of Western Australia, Level 3 MRF Building, Rear 50 Murray Street, Perth, WA, 6000 MDBP M570, Australia

    Dagmara Hering MD, PhD

  2. Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

    Maciej Piskunowicz MD, PhD

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  1. Dagmara Hering MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Dagmara Hering MD, PhD .

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  1. Hypertension & Vascular Risk Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain

    Antonio Coca

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Hering, D., Piskunowicz, M. (2016). Hypertension and Ischaemic Stroke Subtypes. In: Coca, A. (eds) Hypertension and Brain Damage. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32074-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32074-8_7

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