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Truffles and Small Mammals

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True Truffle (Tuber spp.) in the World

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 47))

Abstract

The diversity of small mammals reported to feed on true truffles is revised. Potential adaptations and specific capacities linked to mycophagy are discussed. The nutritional qualities of true truffles are summarized and confronted with digestive capacities and food preferences of small mammals. The recent discovery that the primarily insectivorous shrews (Sorex spp.) feed on true truffles, apparently in a selective manner, led to the hypothesis that allometric constraints on acceptable food quality limit mycophagy in extremely small mammal species and may be at the origin of more selective mycophagy. Foraging behaviour, hoarding and hibernation are recognized as factors influencing the spatial and temporal patterns of truffle spore dispersal. Case studies of the interrelationships between habitat preferences of small mammals, the spatial distribution of truffle species and the plant community succession are reported. The potential role of truffle spore dispersal by small mammals in the truffle life cycle is briefly discussed, hypothesizing that the dispersal of ascospores and/or microconidia contributes to mating in true truffles.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Wien, Austria

    Alexander Urban

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  1. Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Alessandra Zambonelli

  2. Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila , L’Aquila , Italy

    Mirco Iotti

  3. Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes Lab of Excellence ARBRE, INRA, Université de Lorraine, Champenoux, France

    Claude Murat

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Urban, A. (2016). Truffles and Small Mammals. In: Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Murat, C. (eds) True Truffle (Tuber spp.) in the World. Soil Biology, vol 47. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5_21

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