Abstract
A comparison between Sardinian strategic plans (SPs) and implementation plans of historic centers (IPHCs) shows that a general lack of coordination and integration among these municipal planning instruments and a sort of a communicative short circuit are taking place. On the one hand, SPs tend to neglect the importance and the intrinsic value of cultural heritage within historic districts, and, consequently, to undervalue the systemic and general potential of interventions (often limited to punctual and fragmented restorations of buildings) in the historic centers; and, on the other hand, IPHCs propose analyses of municipal historic settlement systems characterized by excessively philological and self-referential attitudes. This paper proposes a discussion on the definition and implementation of IPHCs with the general goal of orienting their conservative character, mainly based on the urban settlement system’s restoration and restructuring, in order to generate conditions favorable to local economic and social development, following the strategic planning conceptual framework. Moreover, within the framework of the Regional Landscape Plan (RLP), and after providing the reader with a thorough presentation of some important technical issues related to IPHCs and a discussion on the semantics of the term “ontology,” this paper discusses some key points concerning the ontology of the IPHCs procedure, that is the spatial analysis of the IPHCs and implied planning measures.
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Notes
- 1.
Regional Laws no. 2009/4 and no. 2011/21.
- 2.
See, for example, the materials available online in the institutional Internet site of the Sardinian regional administration at http://www.regionesardegna.it/ argomenti/programmazione/progettazioneintegrata/comepartecipare/presentazioneprogetti.html (accessed April 2014).
- 3.
SWOT is the acronym of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.
- 4.
The issue describes the experience of “LUDA Project—Improving the quality of life in large urban distressed areas,” funded by the European Commission through the Fifth Framework Program—Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development, Key-action 4—City of Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage (Bentivegna 2005).
- 5.
Regional Law no. 2009/4 on “Disposizioni straordinarie per il sostegno dell’economia mediante il rilancio del settore edilizio e per la promozione di interventi e programmi di valenza strategica per lo sviluppo” [“Extraordinary regulations to support the regional economy by means of a new development of the building sector, and to promote interventions and programs strategically connected to local development”].
- 6.
The law proposal states stricter rules than Law no. 2009/4 since it establishes that volumetric increases of existing buildings have to comply with the implementation codes of the IPHCs as well. This implies that no intervention would be allowed were the municipality’s IPHC not approved.
- 7.
For the normative category definitions of these interventions see points “d,” “e” and “f” of art. 3, paragraph 1, of Law enacted by decree of the President of the Italian Republic no. 2001/380.
- 8.
Spatial units are identified through the first step of the required spatial analysis, that is upon analysis and description of the urban morphology, of typological, architectural and landscape features of the built environment in the historic district, also taking into account aspects such as blocks layout, streets’ and paths’ hierarchies, cadastral subdivisions and properties. The identification of spatial units (which can comprise more than only a single building) is of outmost importance because each spatial unit is treated as the minimum unit for projects and interventions, meaning that building activities should concern the spatial unit as a whole. For this reason, we refer to it as “minimum unit”.
- 9.
By “assessment” we mean the final judgment on whether a single building in the historic fabric has retained traditional characters, which have to be preserved, or it has been altered either reversibly or permanently. For modern buildings, this judgment states whether they are consistent whit the historic fabric or not. The assessment is important because it entails strong directions towards allowed building activities and operations.
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Acknowledgments
Sabrina Lai, Federica Leone and Corrado Zoppi have made substantial contributions to the paper’s conception and design, background and concluding remarks (Sects. 1 and 7). Corrado Zoppi defined the question of the problematic dualism of strategic plans and IPHCs (Sect. 3.2 of Sect. 3 and Sect. 5). Federica Leone and Corrado Zoppi designed the discussion on the issue of the founding elements of a strategic plan of a historic center (Sect. 2). Federica Leone analyzed potentialities and critical points of the IPHCs with respect to these founding elements (Sects. 3 and 3.1). Sabrina Lai and Corrado Zoppi designed the discussion on differences between ontology and ontologies (Sect. 4). Sabrina Lai designed the conceptual framework and implementation of the formal ontology related to the spatial analysis of IPHCs (Sect. 6)
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Lai, S., Leone, F., Zoppi, C. (2016). Planning for the Conservation of Historic Districts in Sardinia, Italy. In: Papa, R., Fistola, R. (eds) Smart Energy in the Smart City. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31157-9_10
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