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Anticancer Action of Mn Porphyrins in Head and Neck Cancer

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Redox-Active Therapeutics

Abstract

Manganese porphyrins have been successfully used preclinically as adjuvant therapies to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy for tumors of multiple histologies, including brain, breast, prostate, and melanoma. In contrast, the literature regarding the use of Mn porphyrins in head and neck cancer (HNC) is conspicuously scant. Yet, HNC may be an ideal disease to target with Mn porphyrins. First, the pathologies and risk factors underlying HNC are linked to oxidative stress. In addition, there are several major sources of oxidative stress in HNC (i.e., products of smoking, hypoxia, virally induced gene expression, and immune cell infiltration) that drive tumor promotion and progression by contributing to genetic instability. Further, oxidative stress promotes tumorigenesis through induction of multiple signal transduction pathways and cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

Although Mn porphyrins have not been used clinically in HNC to date, there are tantalizing suggestions that applying manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD)-based methods in preclinical HNC models are efficacious in the treatment of HNC. Thus, one focus of this chapter will be on historical use of MnSOD therapies to provide a rationale for future work using Mn porphyrins. In addition, the current literature demonstrating the use of Mn porphyrins as radiosensitizers in preclinical models will be discussed. Finally, we will highlight shifts in therapeutic approaches and epidemiological trends that researchers should be cognizant of as this field advances.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3455, Medical Sciences Research Building 1, Room 201, Durham, NC, 27710, USA

    Kathleen A. Ashcraft & Mark W. Dewhirst

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  1. Kathleen A. Ashcraft
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Correspondence to Mark W. Dewhirst .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    Ines Batinić-Haberle

  2. Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Júlio S. Rebouças

  3. Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    Ivan Spasojević

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Ashcraft, K.A., Dewhirst, M.W. (2016). Anticancer Action of Mn Porphyrins in Head and Neck Cancer. In: Batinić-Haberle, I., Rebouças, J., Spasojević, I. (eds) Redox-Active Therapeutics. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_19

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