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Rhizomania pp 85–107Cite as

Molecular Biology and Replication of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus

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Abstract

Rhizomania disease biology is closely linked to the replication and expression of the beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) genome. Understanding viral processes within infected cells and tissues allows fundamental biological discoveries and could inspire new antiviral strategies. BNYVV amplification involves the direct translation of genomic RNAs to produce the viral machinery (replicase), which in turn recognizes genomic RNAs for their specific replication. Nonetheless, the production and expression of subgenomic messenger RNAs are also required to complete the viral life cycle. Whereas certain nonstructural proteins are dedicated to replicase formation and viral movement, other components specifically interact with cellular proteins to overcome innate defense mechanisms and to induce cellular reprogramming. These interactions permit completion of the viral life cycle and allow transmission of the virus. All these processes need to be orchestrated within a coordinated expression pattern to insure optimal viral amplification. In this chapter, the known properties of viral products will be described, and hypotheses about the regulatory mechanisms driving BNYVV biology will be presented. Among regulatory elements, the structure of genomic RNAs plays an essential role in regulating BNYVV protein expression, encapsidation, and movement.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank current and past members of my team, worldwide collaborators for the generous discussions and brainstorming, and Dr. Todd Blevins for his help in language editing. A special acknowledgment is reserved for my mentor Prof. Gérard Jonard.

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  1. Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Strasbourg, France

    David Gilmer

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  1. Stazione Sperimentale di Bieticoltura, Rovigo, Italy

    Enrico Biancardi

  2. Agricultural Research Institute, Hokuren Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Naganuma, Hokkaido, Japan

    Tetsuo Tamada

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Gilmer, D. (2016). Molecular Biology and Replication of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus. In: Biancardi, E., Tamada, T. (eds) Rhizomania. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30678-0_4

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