Abstract
Looking glasses (LG) servers enhance our visibility into Internet connectivity and performance by offering a set of distributed vantage points that allow both data plane and control plane measurements. However, the lack of input and output standardization and limitations in querying frequency have hindered the development of automated measurement tools that would allow systematic use of LGs. In this paper we introduce Periscope, a publicly-accessible overlay that unifies LGs into a single platform and automates the discovery and use of LG capabilities. The system architecture combines crowd-sourced and cloud-hosted querying mechanisms to automate and scale the available querying resources. Periscope can handle large bursts of requests, with an intelligent controller coordinating multiple concurrent user queries without violating the various LG querying rate limitations. As of December 2015 Periscope has automatically extracted 1,691 LG nodes in 297 Autonomous Systems. We show that Periscope significantly extends our view of Internet topology obtained through RIPE Atlas and CAIDA’s Ark, while the combination of traceroute and BGP measurements allows more sophisticated measurement studies.
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Notes
- 1.
A user requests access through email describing the intended use and we issue a unique security token which he/she uses to sign measurement requests.
- 2.
Although most requests can be satisfied with simple HTTP requests, Selenium allows easier handling of HTTP sessions and cookies.
- 3.
We derived empirically conservative values for the timeout and number of slots for each LG.
References
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Kewlio Looking Glass. http://sourceforge.net/projects/klg/
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Netacuity. http://www.digitalelement.com/solutions/
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RANCID Loooking Glass. http://www.shrubbery.net/rancid/
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Selenium browser automation suite. http://www.seleniumhq.org/
Stripes Looking Glass. https://www.gw.com/sw/stripes/
Telephone Looking Glass. https://github.com/telephone/LookingGlass
Version6 Loooking Glass. https://github.com/Cougar/lg
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Acknowledgements
The work was funded by the DHS Science and Technology Directorate, Cyber Security Division (DHS S&T/CSD) BAA 11-02 and SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific via contract N66001-12-C-0130, and by Defence R&D Canada (DRDC) pursuant to an Agreement between the U.S. and Canadian governments for Cooperation in Science and Technology for Critical Infrastructure Protection and Border Security. The work represents the position of the authors and not necessarily that of DHS or DRDC.
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Giotsas, V., Dhamdhere, A., Claffy, K.C. (2016). Periscope: Unifying Looking Glass Querying. In: Karagiannis, T., Dimitropoulos, X. (eds) Passive and Active Measurement. PAM 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9631. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30505-9_14
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