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Dependence of Protein Membrane Mechanisms on Specific Physicochemical Lipid Properties

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Membrane Protein – Lipid Interactions: Physics and Chemistry in the Bilayer

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ((BRIEFSBIOCHEM))

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Abstract

In Chap. 3 we have shown some examples of how lipid-protein interactions lead to laterally segregated structures in membranes, and how the activity of proteins is related to physical properties of the phospholipids. In this chapter we will first discuss the relationship between membrane structure and bioenergetics, emphasizing that lipids may be part of the machinery involved in proton transport between protein components of the respiratory chain. Second we will present selected examples that relate membrane protein activity with specific phospholipids and we will discuss how this can be rationalized theoretically by introducing the concept of a lateral pressure profile of the membrane. Since the magnitude of lateral pressure within the membrane cannot be experimentally measured, we will show how using atomic force microscopy in force mode and single-molecule force spectroscopy, we can extract nanomechanical properties of the membranes related to protein packing. These properties, in particular the unfolding force or the force required to extract a membrane protein from a bilayer, are related to both the lateral pressure of pure lipid monolayers and the intrinsic surface curvature of monolayers. Finally, we will discuss the application of FRET to identify the phospholipid species present at the lipid-protein interface.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The Faraday constant is equal to the product of the Avogadro constant and the proton charge: F = N A e = 96485.309 C mol−1.

  2. 2.

    Concentration, ideally in molal scale, will be used by assuming that the activity coefficients of H+ and ions in general are nearly the same at both sides of the membrane.

  3. 3.

    Δr G′ is the “transformed” Gibbs energy change, and it refers to the value of the magnitude at a given T, P, pH and ionic strength (I).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Jordi H. Borrell

  2. Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Òscar Domènech

  3. Alberta Prion Research Institute, Alberta Innovates Bio Solutions, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Kevin M. W. Keough

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St.John’s, NL, Canada

    Kevin M. W. Keough

Authors
  1. Jordi H. Borrell
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  2. Òscar Domènech
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Correspondence to Jordi H. Borrell .

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Borrell, J.H., Domènech, Ò., Keough, K.M.W. (2016). Dependence of Protein Membrane Mechanisms on Specific Physicochemical Lipid Properties. In: Membrane Protein – Lipid Interactions: Physics and Chemistry in the Bilayer. SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30277-5_4

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