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The Shadow of Black Holes pp 1–20Cite as

Introduction

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Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Physics ((SpringerBriefs in Physics))

Abstract

Black holes are intriguing astrophysical objects. But it is still unproven whether black holes exists. Therefore, the observational evidence for black holes is discussed. This is followed by a survey of the attempts to observe the shadow of the black holes in our Galaxy near Sagittarius A* and in the neighbouring galaxy M87 by the European BlackHoleCam project and the US-led Event Horizon Telescope project.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A parsec (abbr. pc, short for parallax of one arcsecond) is an astronomical unit to measure distances. It is defined as the distance at which the distance Earth–Sun appears at an angle of 1 arcsecond (as). One finds 1 pc \(= 3.09\times 10^{16}\, \mathrm{m} = 3.26\, \mathrm{ly}\).

  2. 2.

    2013 awarded with the David N. Schramm Award for high-energy astrophysics science journalism.

  3. 3.

    Project website: www.EventHorizonTelescope.org.

  4. 4.

    Project website: BlackHoleCam.org.

  5. 5.

    Wavelength \(\lambda \) and frequency \(\nu \) are linked by the speed c of light: \(\lambda \nu =c=299\,792\,458{\tfrac{\mathrm{m}}{\mathrm{s}}}\).

  6. 6.

    Initially, ALMA was not designed for VLBI observations. In order to work as a phased array equivalent to a single big telescope, ALMA’s processing unit that correlates the signals from the single antennas was changed.

  7. 7.

    The following two paragraphs are based on expositions in [1].

  8. 8.

    Synge did not use the word “shadow” but he investigated the condition under which photons could escape to infinity; this complement of the shadow he called “escape cone”.

  9. 9.

    Blog website: blogs.scientificamerican.com/dark-star-diaries/.

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    Arne Grenzebach

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Grenzebach, A. (2016). Introduction. In: The Shadow of Black Holes. SpringerBriefs in Physics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30066-5_1

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