Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a disease predominately affecting the elderly. Since Parodi revolutionized the treatment with the development of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair in the 1990s, the utilization is increasing, with the elderly representing the fastest growing segment of the population. When considering endovascular or open surgery in the aging population, the untreated aneurysm should be considered the major driving factor in late mortality rather than a patient’s other comorbidities. The goal of aneurysm repair is to reduce risk of death from rupture. Patient comorbidities factor into estimating the degree in which someone will benefit from prophylactic repair. Patients with a high risk of rupture and minimal comorbidities should be offered repair. Open repair is tolerated poorly in the elderly population. Endovascular repair offers decreased mortality; however, patients may require secondary interventions and require lifelong surveillance.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Parodi JC, Palmaz JC, Barone HD. Transfemoral intraluminal graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Ann Vasc Surg. 1991;5(6):491–9.
Becquemin JP, Pillet JC, Lescalie F, Sapoval M, Goueffic Y, Lermusiaux P, et al. A randomized controlled trial of endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms in low- to moderate-risk patients. J Vasc Surg. 2011;53(5):1167–73.e1.
Mastracci TM, Greenberg RK, Hernandez AV, Morales C. Defining high risk in endovascular aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg. 2010;51(5):1088–95.e1.
Arias E. United States life tables 2010. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2010;63(7).
De Martino RR, Goodney PP, Nolan BW, Robinson WP, Farber A, Patel VI, et al. Optimal selection of patients for elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair based on life expectancy. J Vasc Surg. 2013;58:589–95.
Greenberg RK, Haulon S, Lyden SP, Srivastava SD, Turc A, Eagleton MJ, et al. Endovascular management of juxtarenal aneurysms with fenestrated endovascular grafting. J Vasc Surg. 2004;39(2):279–87.
Lederle FA, Wilson SE, Johnson GR, Reinke DB, Littooy FN, Acher CW, et al. Immediate repair compared with surveillance of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(19):1437–44.
Lederle F, Freischlag JA, Kyriakides TC, Matsumura JS, et al. Group OVAS. Long-term comparison of endovascular and open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1988–97.
Ouriel K. Randomized clinical trials of endovascular repair versus surveillance for treatment of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Endovasc Ther. 2009;16(Suppl 1):I94–105.
Davies RR, Goldstein LJ, Coady MA, Tittle SL, Rizzo JA, Kopf GS, et al. Yearly rupture or dissection rates for thoracic aortic aneurysms: simple prediction based on size. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;73(1):17–27; discussion -8.
Giersson A. Surgical treatment of thoracic aortic disease in the elderly. In: Katlic MR, editor. Cardiothoracic surgery in the elderly: evidenced based practice. New York: Springer; 2011. p. 427–36.
Griepp RB, Ergin MA, Galla JD, Lansman SL, McCullough JN, Nguyen KH, et al. Natural history of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;67:1927–30.
Rigberg DA, McGory ML, Zingmond DS, Maggard MA, Agustin M, Lawrence PF, et al. Thirty-day mortality statistics underestimate the risk of repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms: a statewide experience. J Vasc Surg. 2006;43(2):217–22; discussion 23.
Eagleton MJ, Kang J. Preoperative management. In: Cronenwett JL, Johnston KW, editors. Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders; 2014. p. 466–79.
de Blic R, Alsac JM, Julia P, El Batti S, Mirault T, De Primio M, et al. Elective treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm is reasonable in patients >85 years of age. Ann Vasc Surg. 2014;28:209–16.
Mills Sr JL, Duong ST, Leon Jr LR, Goshima KR, Ihnat DM, Wendel CS, et al. Comparison of the effects of open and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair on long-term renal function using chronic kidney disease staging based on glomerular filtration rate. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(6):1141–9.
Biancari F, Venermo M; Finnish Arterial Disease Investigators. Open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients aged 80 years and older. Br J Surg. 2011;98(12):1713–8.
Salata K, Katznelson R, Beattie WS, Carroll J, Lindsay TF, Djaiani G. Endovascular versus open approach to aortic aneurysm repair surgery: rates of postoperative delirium. Can J Anaesth. 2012;59(6):556–61.
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evience for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56:M146–56.
Lee DH, Buth KJ, Martin BJ, Yip AM, Hirsch GM. Frail patients are at increased risk for mortality and prolonged institutional care after cardiac surgery. Circulation. 2010;121:973–8.
Conway KP, Byrne J, Townsend M, Lane IF. Prognosis of patients turned down for conventional abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the endovascular and sonographic era: Szilagyi revisited? J Vasc Surg. 2001;33:752–7.
Greenhalgh R, Brown LC, Epstein D, Kwong D, Powell JT, Sculpher MJ, et al. Endovascular aneurysm reapri versus open surgery in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR trial 1): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;365:2169–86.
Prinssen M, Verhoeven EL, Buth J, Cuypers PW, van Sambeek MR, Balm R, et al. A randomized trial comparing conventional and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(16):1607–18.
Lederle FA. The natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Acta Chir Belg. 2009;109(1):7–12.
Conrad MF, Crawford RS, Pedraza JD, Brewster DC, Lamuraglia GM, Corey M, et al. Long-term durability of open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg. 2007;46(4):669–75.
Hallett Jr JW, Marshall DM, Petterson TM, Gray DT, Bower TC, Cherry KJJ, et al. Graft-related complications after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: reassurance from a 36-year population-based experience. J Vasc Surg. 1997;25:277–84.
United Kingdom ETI, Greenhalgh RM, Brown LC, Powell JT, Thompson SG, Epstein D, et al. Endovascular versus open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(20):1863–71.
De Bruin JL, Baas AF, Buth J, Prinssen M, Verhoeven EL, Cuypers PW, et al. Long-term outcome of open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(20):1881–9.
Henebiens M, Vahl A, Koelemay MJ. Elective surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysms in octogenarians: a systematic review. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(3):676–81.
Pol RA, Zeebregts CJ, van Sterkenburg SM, Reijnen MM, Investigators E. Thirty-day outcome and quality of life after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in octogenarians based on the Endurant Stent Graft Natural Selection Global Postmarket Registry (ENGAGE). J Vasc Surg. 2012;56(1):27–35.
Prenner SB, Turnbull IC, Malik R, Salloum A, Ellozy SH, Vouyouka AG, et al. Outcome of elective endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in octogenarians and nonagenarians. J Vasc Surg. 2010;51(6):1354–9.
Paolini D, Chahwan S, Wojnarowski D, Pigott JP, LaPorte F, Comerota AJ. Elective endovascular and open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in octogenarians. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(5):924–7.
Wigley J, Shantikumar S, Hameed W, Griffin K, Handa A, Scott DJ. Endovascular aneurysm repair in nonagenarians: a systematic review. Ann Vasc Surg. 2015;29:385–91.
Fairman RM, Criado F, Farber M, Kwolek C, Mehta M, White R, et al. Pivotal results of the Medtronic Vascular Talent Thoracic Stent Graft System: the VALOR trial. J Vasc Surg. 2008;48(3):546–54.
Matsumura JS, Cambria RP, Dake MD, Moore RD, Svensson LG, Snyder S, et al. International controlled clinical trial of thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair with the Zenith TX2 endovascular graft: 1-year results. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(2):247–57; discussion 57.
Makaroun MS, Dillavou ED, Wheatley GH, Cambria RP, Gore TAGI. Five-year results of endovascular treatment with the Gore TAG device compared with open repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 2008;47(5):912–8.
Di Luozzo G, Shirali AS, Varghese R, Lin HM, Weiss AJ, Bischoff MS, et al. Quality of life and survival of septuagenarians and octogenarians after repair of descending and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2013;145:378–84.
Huynh TT, Miller 3rd CC, Estrera AL, Sheinbaum R, Allen SJ, Safi HJ. Determinants of hospital length of stay after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg. 2002;35(4):648–53.
Okita Y, Ando M, Minatoya K, Tagusari O, Kitamura S, Nakajjma N, et al. Early and long-term results of surgery for aneurysms of the thoracic aorta in septuagenarians and octogenarians. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1999;16(3):317–23.
Patel HJ, Williams DM, Upchurch Jr GR, Dasika NL, Passow MC, Prager RL, et al. A comparison of open and endovascular descending thoracic aortic repair in patients older than 75 years of age. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;85(5):1597–603; discussion 603–4.
Oderich GS, Greenberg RK, Farber M, Lyden S, Sanchez L, Fairman R, et al. Results of the United States multicenter prospective study evaluating the Zenith fenestrated endovascular graft for treatment of juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 2014;60:1420–8.
Amiot S, Haulon S, Becquemin JP, Magnan PE, Lermusiaux P, Goueffic Y, et al. Fenestrated endovascular grafting: the French multicentre experience. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2010;39:537–44.
Marzelle J, Presles E, Becquemin JP. Results and fators affecting early otucome of fenestrated and/or branched stent grafts for aortic aneurysms. Ann Surg. 2015;261:197–206.
Mastracci TM, Eagleton MJ, Kuramochi Y, Bathurst S, Wolski K. Twelve-year results of fenestrated endografts for juxtrenal and group IV thoracoabdominal aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 2015;61:355–64.
O’Callaghan A, Greenberg RK, Eagleton MJ, Bena J, Mastracci TM. Type Ia endoleaks after fenestrated and branched endografts may lead to component instability and increased aortic mortality. J Vasc Surg. 2015;61:908–14.
Hertault A, Sobocinski J, Kristmundsson T, Maurel B, et al. Results of F-EVAR in octogenarians. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59:1232–40.
Visser L, Pol RA, Tielliu IF, van den Dungen JJ, Zeebregts CJ. A limited and customized follow-up seems justified after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair in octogenarians. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59:1232–40.
Verhoeven EL, Oikonomou K, Ventin FC, Lerut P, Fernandes EFR, Mendes Pedro L. Is it time to eliminate CT after EVAR as routine follow-up? J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2011;52(2):193–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wohlauer, M., Eagleton, M.J. (2017). Aortic Aneurysm Disease in the Elderly. In: Chaer, R. (eds) Vascular Disease in Older Adults. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29285-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29285-4_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-29283-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-29285-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)