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Physiology of Euphausia superba

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Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill

Part of the book series: Advances in Polar Ecology ((AVPE))

Abstract

Since the 1920s, E. superba is one of the best studied species in the Southern Ocean in terms of their general biology. The main driver for this research focus has been the fisheries’ requirements for stock forecasting and conservation measures. Nowadays this is joined by concerns over climate change effects and the requirement to take a more holistic view to understand food web structures. So far, however, we do not have a clear understanding of the physiological response of krill and hence their adaptability to cope with ongoing environmental changes, caused by the anthropogenic carbon emissions. This is due to the extreme lack of intense studies on krill physiology, especially of their larval stages in relation to their seasonal environment. A major aim of this book chapter is on the one hand to summarize how physiological functions such as lipid accumulation and utilisation, metabolic activity and growth change with ontogeny and season and to demonstrate which environmental factors are the main drivers for seasonal variability of these functions in adult and larval krill. On the other hand, we draw the attention to the importance of photoperiod (day length) as an entrainment cue for endogenous rhythms and clocks in the life cycle of krill. Furthermore, we give an overview of the current knowledge on the impact of elevated seawater temperature and ocean acidification on krill.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Section Polar Biological Oceanography, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Bettina Meyer

  2. Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, D-26111, Oldenburg, Germany

    Bettina Meyer & Mathias Teschke

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  1. Bettina Meyer
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  2. Mathias Teschke
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Correspondence to Bettina Meyer .

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  1. Thuenen Institute of Sea Fisheries, Hamburg, Germany

    Volker Siegel

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Meyer, B., Teschke, M. (2016). Physiology of Euphausia superba . In: Siegel, V. (eds) Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill. Advances in Polar Ecology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29279-3_4

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