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Advances in Umbilical Cord Blood Therapy: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Beyond

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Advances in Stem Cell Therapy

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been used for bone marrow transplantations for over four decades. Traditionally, HSCs for bone marrow transplants are retrieved from bone marrow aspirates, but other sources such as peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood (CB) are now being used. Notably, CB has become the leading source of HSCs for many transplant centers due to its rich source of HSCs and ease of collection, storage, and shipment. Also, the development of HSC expansion methods and the use of double-cord transplantations have expanded the use of CB beyond just small children. Moreover, existing banks of CB can provide immediate matched allogeneic and autologous sources of HSCs for transplantation. In addition to hematological diseases, CB is being applied to the field of regenerative medicine and is currently being tested in clinical trials predominantly in the field of neurological disorders, including cerebral palsy, autism, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, stroke, and hearing loss. While still early, published results from clinical trials using allogeneic CB suggest a benefit to children with cerebral palsy. Results from clinical trials using autologous CB for children with cerebral palsy are anticipated in 2016. A benefit of autologous CB has been reported for infants suffering from hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Other ongoing clinical trials are not expected to be completed until 2016 and beyond. Complementary to the application of CB to regenerative medicine is the production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from CB. CB is an attractive source of young cells for iPSC generation, and the production of umbilical cord-blood-derived iPSCs renders the prospective applications of umbilical cord blood endless.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Women’s and Infant’s Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 60 Murray St, Box 40, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5T 3L9

    Theresa Chow M.Sc. & Ian M. Rogers Ph.D.

  2. Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St, Box 40, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5T 3L9

    Theresa Chow M.Sc. & Ian M. Rogers Ph.D.

  3. Insception Lifebank, Mississauga, ON, Canada

    Sue Mueller Ph.D.

  4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital and the University of Toronto, 60 Murray St, Box 40, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5T 3L9

    Ian M. Rogers Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Theresa Chow M.Sc.
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  2. Sue Mueller Ph.D.
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  3. Ian M. Rogers Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ian M. Rogers Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zayed City, Egypt

    Nagwa El-Badri

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Chow, T., Mueller, S., Rogers, I.M. (2017). Advances in Umbilical Cord Blood Therapy: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Beyond. In: El-Badri, N. (eds) Advances in Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29149-9_8

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