Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Lock-In Behaviors of an Airfoil with Local Excitation in Low-Reynolds-Number Flow

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Complex Motions and Chaos in Nonlinear Systems

Part of the book series: Nonlinear Systems and Complexity ((NSCH,volume 15))

  • 990 Accesses

Abstract

A numerical computation for flow past an airfoil with local oscillation is presented at low Reynolds numbers to study the effect of local oscillation on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil. The model for local oscillation is simplified as a periodic motion with prescribed equilibrium. Coupled with unsteady low-Reynolds-number flow, the effects of the oscillation on lift enhancement are studied parametrically. In particular, the formation and evolution of flow separation and vortices with different oscillation frequencies are discussed to determine an effective flow control strategy. The results show that there are two kinds of flow pattern related to lift enhancement. One is that as the primary frequency of flow approaches the oscillating frequency and the secondary frequency of the flow attains a rate twice that of the first one, i.e., frequency lock-in occurs, the vortices evolve close to the leading edge and convect downstream toward the surface. These vortices entrain the energy of the main stream into the separation zone to overcome the limitation of the dead air zone and maintain a low pressure distribution on the upper surface, which will have a significant impact on lift improvement. In the other pattern, as the higher frequency goes out of the lock-in range, the vortices evolve downstream of the surface, which has a limited impact on fluid transport from the main stream to the separation zone, and the effect of lift enhancement is negligible.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Collis SS, Joslin RD, Seifert A, Theofilis V (2004) Issues in active flow control: theory, control, simulation, and experiment. Progress Aerosp Sci 40(4):237–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ho S, Nassef H, Pornsinsirirak N, Tai Y-C, Ho C-M (2003) Unsteady aerodynamics and flow control for flapping wing flyers. Progress Aerosp Sci 39(8):635–681

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Greenblatt D, Wygnanski IJ (2000) The control of flow separation by periodic excitation. Progress Aerosp Sci 36(7):487–545

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gad-el-Hak M (2001) Micro-air-vehicles: can they be controlled better? J Aircr 38(3):419–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Goksel B, Rechenberg I (2006) Active flow control by surface smooth plasma actuators. In: New results in numerical and experimental fluid mechanics, vol V. Springer, Berlin, pp273–280

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Maqsood A, Go TH (2010) Optimization of hover-to-cruise transition maneuver using variable-incidence wing. J Aircr 47(3):1060–1064

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Whitehead J, Gursul I (2006) Interaction of synthetic jet propulsion with airfoil aerodynamics at low Reynolds numbers. AIAA J 44(8):1753–1766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lian Y, Shyy W, Viieru D, Zhang B (2003) Membrane wing aerodynamics for micro air vehicles. Progress Aerosp Sci 39(6-7):425–465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Mueller TJ, DeLaurier JD (2003) Aerodynamics of small vehicles. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 35(1):89–111

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Song A, Breuer K (2007) Dynamics of a compliant membrane as related to mammalian flight. AIAA Paper-2007-665

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gordnier RE, Kumar Chimakurthi S, Cesnik CE, Attar PJ (2013) High-fidelity aeroelastic computations of a flapping wing with spanwise flexibility. J Fluids Struct 40:86–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Shyy W, Aono H, Chimakurthi S, Trizila P, Kang CK, Cesnik C, Liu H (2010) Recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. Progress Aerosp Sci 46(7):284–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Shyy W, Berg M, Ljungqvist D (1999) Flapping and flexible wings for biological and micro air vehicles. Progress Aerosp Sci 35(5):455–505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kang W, Zhang JZ, Liu Y (2010) Numerical simulation and aeroelastic analysis of a local flexible airfoil at low Reynolds numbers. In: The 8th Asian computational fluid dynamics conference, Hong Kong

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kang W, Zhang J-z, Lei P-f, Xu M (2014) Computation of unsteady viscous flow around a locally flexible airfoil at low Reynolds number. J Fluids Struct 46:42–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kang W, Zhang JZ, Feng PH (2012) Aerodynamic analysis of a localized flexible airfoil at low Reynolds numbers. Commun Comput Phys 11(4):1300–1310

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lei PF, Zhang JZ, Kang W, Ren S, Wang L (2014) Unsteady flow separation and high performance of airfoil with local flexible structure at low Reynolds number. Commun Comput Phys 16(3):699–717

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Sahin M, Sankar LN, Chandrasekhara M, Tung C (2003) Dynamic stall alleviation using a deformable leading edge concept-A numerical study. J Aircr 40(1):77–85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zienkiewicz OC, Codina R (1995) A general algorithm for compressible and incompressible flow. 1. The split, characteristic-based scheme. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 20(8-9):869–885

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Zienkiewicz OC, Morgan K, Sai BVKS, Codina R, Vasquez M (1995) A general algorithm for compressible and incompressible-flow. 2. Tests on the explicit form. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 20(8-9):887–913

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Batina JT (1991) Unsteady Euler algorithm with unstructured dynamic mesh for complex-aircraft aerodynamic analysis. AIAA J 29(3):327–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Blom FJ (2000) Considerations on the spring analogy. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 32(6):647–668

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Bathe KJ, Zhang H (2009) A mesh adaptivity procedure for CFD and fluid-structure interactions. Comput Struct 87(11):604–617

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Shadden SC, Lekien F, Marsden JE (2005) Definition and properties of Lagrangian coherent structures from finite-time Lyapunov exponents in two-dimensional aperiodic flows. Phys D Nonlinear Phenom 212(3):271–304

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Haller G, Yuan G (2000) Lagrangian coherent structures and mixing in two-dimensional turbulence. Phys D 147(3-4):352–370

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Haller G (2004) Exact theory of unsteady separation for two-dimensional flows. J Fluid Mech 512:257–311

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Raveh D, Dowell E (2011) Frequency lock-in phenomenon for oscillating airfoils in buffeting flows. J Fluids Struct 27(1):89–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Young J, Lai JC (2007) Vortex lock-in phenomenon in the wake of a plunging airfoil. AIAA J 45(2):485–490

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Blackburn HM, Henderson RD (1996) Lock-in behavior in simulated vortex-induced vibration. Exp Thermal Fluid Sci 12(2):184–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Williamson CHK, Govardhan R (2004) Vortex-induced vibrations. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 36:413–455

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Yokoi Y, Kamemoto K (1994) Vortex shedding from an oscillating circular-cylinder in a uniform-flow. Exp Thermal Fluid Sci 8(2):121–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Eldredge JD, Chong K (2010) Fluid transport and coherent structures of translating and flapping wings. Chaos Interdiscip J Nonlinear Sci 20(1):017509

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  33. Lipinski D, Cardwell B, Mohseni K (2008) A Lagrangian analysis of a two-dimensional airfoil with vortex shedding. J Phys A Math Theor 41(3-4):344011

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Salman H, Hesthaven JS, Warburton T, Haller G (2007) Predicting transport by Lagrangian coherent structures with a high-order method. Theor Comput Fluid Dyn 21(1):39–58

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 11402212), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (3102014JCQ01002), and the National High Technology Research Program of China (863 Program, S2012AA052303).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi Province, 710072, P.R. China

    Wei Kang

  2. Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering, Airforce Engineering University, Xi’an, 710038, China

    Xiangyan Dai

Authors
  1. Wei Kang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiangyan Dai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Kang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico

    Valentin Afraimovich

  2. Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    José António Tenreiro Machado

  3. School of Energy&PowerEngineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi, China

    Jiazhong Zhang

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kang, W., Dai, X. (2016). Lock-In Behaviors of an Airfoil with Local Excitation in Low-Reynolds-Number Flow. In: Afraimovich, V., Machado, J., Zhang, J. (eds) Complex Motions and Chaos in Nonlinear Systems. Nonlinear Systems and Complexity, vol 15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28764-5_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28764-5_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28762-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28764-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation