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Changes in Land Cover Categories within Oti-Kéran-Mandouri (OKM) Complex in Togo (West Africa) between 1987 and 2013

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Implementing Climate Change Adaptation in Cities and Communities

Part of the book series: Climate Change Management ((CCM))

Abstract

Oti-Kéran-Mandouri (OKM) is a complex of protected areas with national and international ecological importance. It is located in the flood plain of the Oti River in Togo. Unfortunately, this area is under anthropogenic pressure. In order to enhance biodiversity conservation, this study aims to assess the spatial changes in land cover within OKM. Landsat images from different missions spanning the time steps 1987, 2000 and 2013 were used to produce land cover maps involving six classes. The classification was based on the maximum likelihood algorithm and the change analyses were performed using Land Change Modeler software integrated in Idrisi GIS and Image Processing system. From 1987 to 2013, wetlands, forests and savannahs diminished while cropland and settlements expanded. Considering the overall area of OKM, wetlands decreased from 43.05 % in 1987 to 31.71 % in 2013. Meanwhile, croplands increased from 0.91 % in 1987 to 34.81 % in 2013. Considering their earlier areas in 1987, forests, savannahs and wetlands have experienced an average annual loss of 5.74 %, 3.94 % and 2.02 %, respectively, while croplands increased at an average annual rate of 285.39 %. The main drivers of these changes appear to be the inadequacy of the management system and increasing anthropogenic pressures. These are intensified by climate change since adaptive strategies, such as recessional agriculture, play an important role in land cover change. The ongoing process of rehabilitation should be strengthened to enable this protected area to play its roles as Ramsar site, biosphere reserve and priority corridor for the migration of the West African savannah elephant. Data from this study could be used to guide conservation planning, further landscape pattern assessment and land cover modelling in the framework of climate change.

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Acknowledgement

This study was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) initiative. We acknowledge all the anonymous reviewers who added a great value to the first version of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. West African Science Service Center for Climate Change and Adapted Land Use, Graduate Study Program on Climate Change and Biodiversity, Université Félix HouphoëtBoigny, Abidjan, 22 BP 461, Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

    Aniko Polo-Akpisso

  2. Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo

    Aniko Polo-Akpisso, Kpérkouma Wala & Fousseni Foléga

  3. Laboratoire de Zoologie et Biologie Animale, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix HouphoetBoigny, Abidjan, 02 BP 1170, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire

    Aniko Polo-Akpisso, Soulemane Ouattara & Yao Tano

Authors
  1. Aniko Polo-Akpisso
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  2. Kpérkouma Wala
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  3. Soulemane Ouattara
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  4. Fousseni Foléga
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  5. Yao Tano
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aniko Polo-Akpisso .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Transfer Center, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany

    Walter Leal Filho

  2. School of Science & The Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Kathryn Adamson

  3. School of Science & The Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Rachel M. Dunk

  4. CFE University of Coimbra, Universidade Aberta, Porto, Portugal

    Ulisses M. Azeiteiro

  5. School of Research, Enterprise, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Sam Illingworth

  6. Centre for Functional Ecology, Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Porto, Portugal

    Fátima Alves

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Polo-Akpisso, A., Wala, K., Ouattara, S., Foléga, F., Tano, Y. (2016). Changes in Land Cover Categories within Oti-Kéran-Mandouri (OKM) Complex in Togo (West Africa) between 1987 and 2013. In: Leal Filho, W., Adamson, K., Dunk, R., Azeiteiro, U., Illingworth, S., Alves, F. (eds) Implementing Climate Change Adaptation in Cities and Communities. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28591-7_1

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