Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Current Therapy and Surgery for Urogenital Tuberculosis pp 31–49Cite as

Urogenital Tuberculosis – Definition and Classification

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 435 Accesses

Abstract

To improve the approach to diagnose and management of urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) we need clear and unique classification. UGTB remains an important problem, especially in developing countries, it is often overlooked disease. As any other infections, UGTB should be cured by antibacterial therapy, but because of late diagnosis it may often require surgery.

Scientific literature dedicated to this problem was critically analyzed and juxtaposed with own more than 30-years experience in TB-urology.

The conception, terms, definition were consolidated in one system; classification stage by stage as well as complication are presented. Classification of any disease includes dispersion on forms and stages and exact definition for each stage. Clinical features and symptoms significantly varied between different forms and stages of UGTB. The simple diagnostic algorithm was done.

UGTB is multivariant disease, and standard unified approach to it is impossible. Clear definition as well as unique classification is necessary for real estimation of epidemiology and optimization therapy. Join term “UGTB” has insufficient information in order to estimate therapy, surgery and prognosis – as well as to evaluate the epidemiology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aphonin AB, Perezmanas EO, Toporkova EE, Khodakovsky EP (2006) Tuberculous infection as sexually transmitted infection. Vestnik poslediplomnogo obrazovaniya 3–4:69–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Baskin LS, Mee S (1989) Tuberculosis of the penis presenting as a subcutaneous nodule. J Urol 141(6):1430–1431

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carrillo-Esper R, Moreno-Castañeda L, Hernández-Cruz AE, Aguilar-Zapata D (2010) A renal tuberculosis. Cir Cir 78(5):442–447

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury AR, Dey RK (2013) Penile tuberculosis following intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy. Indian J Urol 29(1):64–66. doi:10.4103/0970-1591.109989

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dell’Atti L (2014) Unusual isolated tubercolous epididymitis. Case report. G Chir 35(5–6):134–136

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Figueiredo AA, Lucon AM (2008) Urogenital tuberculosis: update and review of 8961cases from the world literature. Rev Urol 10(3):207–217

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta N, Mandal AK, Singh SK (2008) Tuberculosis of the prostate and urethra: a review. Indian J Urol 24(3):388–391. doi:10.4103/0970-1591.42623

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hemal AK, Gupta NP, Rajeev TP, Kumar R, Dar L, Seth P (2000) Polymerase chain reaction in clinically suspected genitourinary tuberculosis: comparison with intravenous urography, bladder biopsy, and urine acid fast bacilli culture. Urology 56(4):570–574

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamyshan IS (2003) Guideline on urogenital tuberculosis. Kuev 2003:363–424

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaneko T, Kudoh S, Matsushita N, Kashiwabara Y, Tamura T, Yoshida I, Nomura K (2008) Case of bladder tuberculosis with onset at the age of nineteen--treatment of urinary tract tuberculosis in accordance with the new Japanese tuberculosis treatment guidelines. Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 99(1):29–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kar JK, Kar M (2012) Primary tuberculosis of the glans penis. J Assoc Physicians India 60:52–53

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim CJ, Sano T, Takimoto K (2011) Miliary tuberculosis following transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy. Korean J Urol 52(6):425–427. doi:10.4111/kju.2011.52.6.425. Epub 2011 Jun 17

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kulchavenya E (2010) Some aspects of urogenital tuberculosis. Int J Nephrol Urol 2(2):351–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Kulchavenya E (2014) Urogenital tuberculosis: epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy. Springer, Cham/Heidelberg/New York/Dordrecht/London. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04837-6, 137 p. ISBN 978-2-319-04836-9

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kulchavenya E, Kim CS, Bulanova O, Zhukova I (2012) Male genital tuberculosis: epidemiology and diagnostic. World J Urol 30(1):15–21. Epub 2011 May21. Review

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Srivastava A, Mishra VK, Banerjee G (1994) Tubercular cavity behind the prostate and bladder: an unusual presentation of genitourinary tuberculosis. J Urol 151(5):1351–1352

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Kashyapi BD, Bapat SS (2015) A rare presentation of tuberculous prostatic abscess in young patient. Int J Surg Case Rep 10:80–82. doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.03.028. Epub 2015 Mar 18

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lenk S, Schroeder J (2001) Genitourinary tuberculosis. Curr Opin Urol 11(1):93–98

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Linden-Castro E, Pelayo-Nieto M, Alias-Melgar A (2014) Penile tuberculosis after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy. Urology 84(2):e3. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2014.04.037. Epub 2014 Jun 21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyake H, Fujisawa M (2011) Tuberculosis in urogenital organs. Nihon Rinsho 69(8):1417–1421

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Narayana AS, Kelly DG, Duff FA (1976) Tuberculosis of the penis. Br J Urol 48(4):274

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Porter MF III (1894) Uro-Genital tuberculosis in the Male. Ann Surg 20(4):396–405

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sah SP, AshokRaj G, Joshi A (1999) Primary tuberculosis of the glans penis. Australas J Dermatol 40(2):106–107

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Savu C, Surcel C, Mirvald C, Gîngu C, Hortopan M, Sinescu I (2012) Atypical primary tuberculosis mimicking an advanced penile cancer. Can we rely on preoperative assessment? Rom J Morphol Embryol 53(4):1103–1106

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma VK, Sethy PK, Dogra PN et al (2011) Primary tuberculosis of glans penis after intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 77(1):47–50

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh V, Sinha RJ, Sankhwar SN, Sinha SM (2011) Reconstructive surgery for tuberculous contracted bladder: experience of a center in northern India. Int Urol Nephrol 43(2):423–430

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stasinou T, Bourdoumis A, Owegie P, Kachrilas S, Buchholz N, Masood J (2015) Calcification of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles: a review. Can J Urol 22(1):7594–7598

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stockamp NW, Paul S, Sharma S, Libke RD, Boswell JS, Nassar NN (2013) Cutaneous tuberculosis of the penis in an HIV-infected adult. Int J STD AIDS 24:57–58. [Epub ahead of print]

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suárez-Grau JM, Bellido-Luque JA, Pastrana-Mejía A, Gómez-Menchero J, García-Moreno JL, Durán-Ferreras I, Guadalajara-Jurado JF (2012) Laparoscopic surgery of an enterovesical fistula of tuberculous origin (terminal ileum and sigmoid colon). Rev Esp Enferm Dig 104(7):391–392

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toledo-Pastrana T, Ferrándiz L, Pichardo AR, Muniaín Ezcurra MA, Camacho Martínez FM (2012) Tuberculosis: an unusual cause of genital ulcer. Sex Transm Dis 39(8):643–644. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318251577b

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2014) Fact sheet N°104. Reviewed March 2014. Available on http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/

  • Wildbolz H (1937) Ueber urogenical tuberkulose. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 67:1125

    Google Scholar 

  • Yonemura S, Fujikawa S, Su JS, Ohnishi T, Arima K, Sugimura Y (2004) Tuberculid of the penis with a scab on the nodule. Int J Uro 11(10):931–933

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research TB Institute, Novosibirsk Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Ekaterina Kulchavenya

Authors
  1. Ekaterina Kulchavenya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kulchavenya, E. (2016). Urogenital Tuberculosis – Definition and Classification. In: Current Therapy and Surgery for Urogenital Tuberculosis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28290-9_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation