Abstract
High level challenges that motivate the evolution towards smart grids include (i) the anticipated electrification of transportation, including electrical vehicles (EVs), and (ii) the increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy sources (DRES). This chapter will discuss how the extra grid load stemming from the EVs can be handled, including the context of reduced control over power generation in light of DRES adoption (especially solar and wind power). After a basic introduction to common EV charging technology, we give two illustrative examples of controlling EV charging: avoiding peaks, and balancing against renewable generation. We then qualitatively present possible demand response (DR) strategies to realize such control. Finally, we highlight the need for, and underlying principles of, (smart grid) simulation tools, e.g., to study the effectiveness of such DR mechanisms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
This imbalance is formulated as sum of squared differences between generation and consumption, summed over all timeslots.
References
Clement-Nyns, K., Haesen, E., Driesen, J.: The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid. IEEE Trans. Power Sys. 25(1), 371–380 (2010). doi:10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2036481
De Craemer, K., Vandael, S., Claessens, B., Deconinck, G.: An event-driven dual coordination mechanism for demand side management of PHEVs. IEEE Trans. Smart Grid 5(2), 751–760 (2014). doi:10.1109/TSG.2013.2272197
Gomez, J., Morcos, M.: Impact of EV battery chargers on the power quality of distribution systems. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 18(3), 975–981 (2003). doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2003.813873
IEC Technical Committee 23: IEC 62196 ed2.0: plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle connectors and vehicle inlets—conductive charging of electric vehicles (2011)
Kapoor, A. Charging algorithms of lithium-ion batteries: an overview. In: 7th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA 2012), Singapore, pp. 1567–1572 (2012). doi:10.1109/ICIEA.2012.6360973
Lewandowski, C., Gröning, S., Schmutzler, J., Wietfeld, C.: Performance evaluation of PLC over the IEC 61851 control pilot signal. In: 5th Workshop on Power Line Communications (WSPLC 2011), Arnhem, The Netherlands (2011)
Mets, K., De Turck, F., Develder, C.: Distributed smart charging of electric vehicles for balancing wind energy. In: Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm 2012), Tainan City, Taiwan, pp. 133–138 (2012a). doi:10.1109/SmartGridComm.2012.6485972
Mets, K., D’hulst, R., Develder, C.: Comparison of intelligent charging algorithms for electric vehicles to reduce peak load and demand variability in a distribution grid. J. Commun. Netw. 14(6), 672–681 (2012b). doi:10.1109/JCN.2012.00033
Mets, K., Aparicio, J., Develder, C.: Combining power and communication network simulation for cost-effective smart grid analysis. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 16(3), 1771–1796 (2014). doi:10.1109/SURV.2014.021414.00116
Panasonic: Lithium Ion Batteries Technical Handbook (2007). url http://industrial.panasonic.com/www-data/pdf/ACI4000/ACI4000PE5.pdf
Ruthe, S., Schmutzler, J., Rehtanz, C., Wietfeld, C.: Study on V2G protocols against the background of demand side management. Int. J. Bus. Inform. Sys. 33–44 (2011)
Seljeseth, H., Henning, T., Solvang, T. Measurements of network impact from electric vehicles during slow and fast charging. In: Proceedings of 22nd International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013), Stockholm, Sweden (2013). doi:10.1049/cp.2013.1197
Acknowledgements
The work presented in this chapter has been supported in part by the European Commission through the project P2P-Smartest: Peer to Peer Smart Energy Distribution Networks (H2020-LCE-2014-3, project 646469).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Develder, C., Strobbe, M., De Craemer, K., Deconinck, G. (2016). Charging Electric Vehicles in the Smart Grid. In: Beaulieu, A., de Wilde, J., Scherpen, J. (eds) Smart Grids from a Global Perspective. Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28077-6_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28077-6_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-28075-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-28077-6
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)