Abstract
The human knee synovial joint is considered one of the three joints having the higher damage or injury incidence, along with the hip and the ankle. Here, a 2D model of a knee synovial junction is presented, where the Condyle is modeled by a mobile circular wall, the condylar concave cavity by a larger circular wall, the Articular Cartilage with a porous medium, and the Synovial Fluid by a high viscosity Newtonian fluid. The model focuses in the study of the angular pressure distribution along the Synovial Fluid/Cartilage interface when the fluid zone undergoes a deformation in the direction of the symmetry axis due to simulated loads. The model equations were solved using FLUENT® as a numerical tool for the study of biological systems, considering small deformations at the fluid zone, low deformation rates, high fluid viscosities, constant porous fractions and different initial thickness. The results show that the pressure decreases gradually from the center of the join to its ends. The maximum values obtained were in the order of 109 for the dimensionless pressure (i.e. the total pressure with respect to dynamic pressure), these values correspond to 103 Pa for the total pressure. The greater the fluid zone to cartilage thickness ratio the lower the maximum pressure. The numerical model was validated with an analytical model previously proposed by Jurczak in (2006).
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References
The authors acknowledge the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT) and the Coordination for Scientific Research of the UMSNH for the support on this project. The corresponding author Laura Ibarra-Bracamontes acknowledges to the Pennsylvania State University, USA, for her Sabbatical stay as Visiting Professor at the Pritchard Fluid Mechanics Laboratory in the Department of Mathematics.
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Acknowledgment
The authors acknowledge the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT) and the Coordination for Scientific Research of the UMSNH for the support on this project. The corresponding author Laura Ibarra-Bracamontes acknowledges to the Pennsylvania State University, USA, for her Sabbatical stay as Visiting Professor at the Pritchard Fluid Mechanics Laboratory in the Department of Mathematics.
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Martínez-Gutiérrez, N., Ibarra-Bracamontes, L.A., Galván-González, S.R., Aguilar-Corona, A., Viramontes-Gamboa, G. (2016). Numerical Modeling of the Knee Synovial Joint Under Deformation Using the Finite Volume Method. In: Klapp, J., Sigalotti, L.D.G., Medina, A., López, A., Ruiz-Chavarría, G. (eds) Recent Advances in Fluid Dynamics with Environmental Applications. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27965-7_30
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27965-7_30
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