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Clinically Significant Interactions with Antipsychotics

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Applied Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Psychopharmacological Agents

Abstract

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) have become the mainstay of treatment for patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The antipsychotic drugs are often prescribed with other medications to improve clinical efficacy or treat comorbid diseases. Drug combinations can cause pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions. Pharmacokinetic interactions can occur during any pharmacokinetic phases, absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion. Smoking, caffeine, and food might have influences on the pharmacokinetic profiles of SGAs. Pharmacodynamic drug-drug interactions occur when drugs act at the same or interrelated sites of action, resulting in additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of each drug.

Among the genes involved in pharmacokinetics, the members of cytochrome P450 family display large interindividual and interethnic variations in activity. Other enzyme systems such as UDP-glucuronosyltransferases also exhibit genetic polymorphism with potential clinical relevance in psychopharmacology. The demographic characteristics might also have impact on pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic profiles of SGAs. The potential pharmacokinetic interactions would guide antipsychotic dosage adjustments. For antipsychotics, optimal dose titration should be guided by measuring plasma concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a valid tool for tailoring the dosage of antipsychotic drugs. Clinicians must have the knowledge of potential interactions of SGAs and carefully monitor patients to minimize potentially adverse events and maximize therapeutic efficacy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Mong-Liang Lu MD, MS

  2. Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

    Hsien-Yuan Lane MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Mong-Liang Lu MD, MS
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  2. Hsien-Yuan Lane MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mong-Liang Lu MD, MS .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Univ. North Texas Sys, Col Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacotherapy, FORT WORTH, Texas, USA

    Michael W. Jann

  2. Department of Pharmacotherapy, Univ. North Texas Sys, Col Pharm, FORT WORTH, Texas, USA

    Scott R. Penzak

  3. Department of Pharmacotherapy, Univ. North Texas Sys, Col Pharm., FORT WORTH, Texas, USA

    Lawrence J. Cohen

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Lu, ML., Lane, HY. (2016). Clinically Significant Interactions with Antipsychotics. In: Jann, M., Penzak, S., Cohen, L. (eds) Applied Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Psychopharmacological Agents. Adis, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27883-4_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27883-4_16

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  • Publisher Name: Adis, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27881-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27883-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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