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Blood Culture Negative Endocarditis

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Abstract

Blood culture negative endocarditis is defined as definite or probable endocarditis in which three or more aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures collected over 48 h remain negative despite prolonged (greater than 1 week) incubation. Culture negative endocarditis constitutes a significant percentage of all cases of endocarditis in an institution and is a particularly challenging condition for the clinician treating such a patient. An organized approach to diagnosis and treatment is necessary. The most common cause of culture negative endocarditis is prior antibiotic therapy but an increasing number of organisms that cannot be grown in blood cultures given current techniques account for a varying percentage of cases depending on geographic location and laboratory technology. Nucleic acid amplification techniques, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy on vegetations all have a role in making a diagnosis. In hospital mortality is similar to that of culture positive endocarditis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Yoav Keynan MD, PhD

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Stephanie Smith MD, MSc, FRCPC

  3. Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 59 Sprucebank Lane, RR1, Chester Basin, NS, BOJ 1Ko, Canada

    Thomas J. Marrie MD

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  1. Yoav Keynan MD, PhD
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  2. Stephanie Smith MD, MSc, FRCPC
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  3. Thomas J. Marrie MD
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Correspondence to Thomas J. Marrie MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

    Kwan-Leung Chan

  2. Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, WINNIPEG, Manitoba, Canada

    John M. Embil

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Keynan, Y., Smith, S., Marrie, T.J. (2016). Blood Culture Negative Endocarditis. In: Chan, KL., Embil, J. (eds) Endocarditis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27784-4_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27784-4_10

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