Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms: Interaction with Plants and Soil

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Plant, Soil and Microbes

Abstract

Soil acts as a medium for a wide variety of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae, and protozoa. Soil also gives the necessary support for anchorage to plant roots. The complex interactions between soil, plants, and microorganisms lead to different associations in the rhizosphere. These interactions are useful in (a) more nutrient recycling by nitrogen fixation, phosphate and potash solubilization; (b) disease suppression in crop plants; and (c) bioremediation in contaminated soils. Plant roots secrete different inorganic and organic compounds which encourage the growth of microorganisms; in turn the chemicals secreted by microorganisms release the bound minerals from the organic materials in the soil, which are absorbed by plant roots. This chapter reviews bacteria, fungi and their associations and interactions with plants and soil for beneficial effects on crop plants such as mineral nutrition, disease suppression, bioremediation, etc.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aamir M, Aslam A, Khan MY, Jamshaid MU, Ahmad M, Asghar HN, Zahir ZA (2013) Co-inoculation with Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for inducing salinity tolerance in mung bean under field condition of semiarid climate. Asian J Agric Biol 1:17–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Abohatem M, Chakrafi F, Jaiti F, Dihazi A, Baaziz M (2011) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi limit incidence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis on date palm seedlings by increasing nutrient contents, total phenols and peroxidase activities. Open Hort J 4:10–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Afreen JM, Chavan MD (2014) Siderophore produced by Bacillus spp. GN-01 isolated from rhizosphere of ground nut field. Int J Pharm Phytopharmacol Res 3:311–313

    Google Scholar 

  • Ajao AT, Adebayo GB, Yakubu SE (2011) Bioremediation of textile industrial effluent using mixed culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis immobilized on agar-agar in a bioreactor. J Microbiol Biotechnol Res 1:50–56

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Panwar J (2011) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and opportunistic fungi: efficient root symbionts for the management of plant parasitic nematodes. Adv Sci Eng Med 3:165–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Siddiqui ZA (2008) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as potential biprotectants against plant pathogens. In: Siddiqui ZA, Akhtar MS, Futai K (eds) Mycorrhizae: sustainable agriculture and forestry. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 61–98

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Siddiqui ZA (2009) Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for the biocontrol of root-rot disease complex of chickpea. Aust Plant Pathol 38:44–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Siddiqui ZA (2010) Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in biocontrol of plant diseases and sustainable agriculture. In: Maheshwari DK (ed) Plant growth and health promoting bacteria. Microbiology monographs 18. Springer, Berlin, pp 157–196

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Shakeel U, Siddiqui ZA (2010) Biocontrol of Fusarium wilt by Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Rhizobium sp. on lentil. Turk J Biol 34:1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Siddiqui ZA, Wiemken A (2011) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium to control plant fungal diseases. In: Lichtfouse E (ed) Alternative farming systems, biotechnology, drought stress and ecological fertilisation. Sustainable agriculture reviews 6. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 263–292

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Akhtar MS, Chali B, Azam T (2013) Bioremediation of arsenic and lead by plants and microbes from contaminated soil. Res Plant Sci 1:68–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Akram W, Anjum T, Ali B, Ahmad A (2013) Screening of native bacillus strains to induce systemic resistance in tomato plants against Fusarium wilt in split root system and its field applications. Int J Agric Biol 15:1289–1294

    Google Scholar 

  • Akrami M, Sabzi M, Mehmandar FB, Khodadadi E (2012) Effect of seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma asperellum species for controlling Fusarium rot of common bean. Ann Biol Res 3:2187–2189

    Google Scholar 

  • Alemu F (2013) Isolation of Pseudomonas fluorescens species from rhizospheric soil of faba bean and assessment of their siderophores production. Int J Adv Res 1:203–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Almaghrabi OA, Abdelmoneim TS, Albishri HM, Moussa TAA (2014) Enhancement of maize growth using some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under laboratory conditions. Life Sci J 11:764–772

    Google Scholar 

  • Amiri A, Rafiee M (2013) Effect of soil inoculation with Azospirillum and Azotobacter bacteria on nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic characteristics of corn. Ann Biol Res 4:77–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhaduri D, Pal S, Purakayastha TJ, Chakraborty K, Yadav RS, Akhtar MS (2015) Soil quality and plant-microbe interactions in rhizosphere. In: Lichtfouse E (ed) Sustainable agriculture reviews 17. Springer International Publishing, Cham, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16742-8_9

    Google Scholar 

  • Dashadi M, Khosravi H, Moezzi A, Nadian H, Heidari M, Radjabi R (2011) Co-inoculation of Rhizobium and Azotobacter on growth indices of faba bean under water stress in the greenhouse condition. Adv Stud Biol 3:373–385

    Google Scholar 

  • Deshwal VK, Kumar P (2013) Production of plant growth promoting substance by Pseudomonads. J Acad Indust Res 2:221–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Deshwal VK, Singh SB, Kumar P, Chubey A (2013) Rhizobia unique plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: a review. Int J Life Sci 2:74–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Elekhtyar NM (2015) Efficiency of Pseudomonas fluorescence as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the enhancement of seedling vigor, nitrogen uptake. Int J Sci Res Agric Sci 2:57–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Emmanuel ESC, Ananthi T, Anandkumar B, Maruthamuthu S (2012) Accumulation of rare earth elements by siderophore-forming Arthrobacter luteolus isolated from rare earth environment of Chavara, India. J Biosci 37:25–31

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faruq G, Shamsuddin Z, Nezhadahmadi A, Prodhan ZH, Rahman M (2015) Potentials of Azospirillum spp. for improving shoot and root of a Malaysian sweet corn variety (J58) under in vitro condition. Int J Agric Biol 17:395–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Gajera HP, Bambharolia RP, Patel SV, Khatrani TJ, Goalkiya BA (2012) Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against Macrophomina phaseolina: evaluation of coiling and cell wall degrading enzymatic activities. J Plant Pathol Microbiol 3:2–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Garg A, Sharma M (2013) Evaluation of phosphate solubilizing activity and indole acetic acid production of Rhizobia. Int J Sci Res 4:314–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang W, Gou G, Ding Y (2013) Influences of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and mineral element absorption of chenglu hybrid bamboo seedlings. Pak J Bot 45:303–310

    Google Scholar 

  • Kloepper JW, Schroth MN (1978) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on radishes. In: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on plant pathogenic bacteria, vol 2. Station de Pathologie Végétale et de Phytobactériologie, INRA, Angers, pp. 879–882

    Google Scholar 

  • Leelavathi MS, Vani L, Reena P (2014) Antimicrobial activity of Trichoderma harzianum against bacteria and fungi. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 3:96–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenin G, Jayanthi M (2012) Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on enhancement of growth, yield and nutrient content of Catharanthus roseus. Int J Res Pure App Microbiol 2:37–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Marini D, Guimaraes VF, Dartora J, do Carmo Lana M, Pinto Jr AS (2015) Growth and yield of corn hybrids in response to association with Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen fertilization. Rev Ceres Viçosa 62:117–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehran M, Ardakani MR, Madani H, Zahedi M, Amirabadi M, Mafakheri S (2011) Response of sunflower yield and phytohormonal changes to Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas and animal manure in a chemical free agroecosystem. Ann Biol Res 2:425–430

    Google Scholar 

  • Muriungi JS, Mutitu EW, Siboe MG (2013) Biocontrol of Fusarium root rot in beans by antagonistic Trichoderma fungi. Int J Agric Sci 3:550–557

    Google Scholar 

  • Nailwal S, Anwar MS, Budhani KK, Verma A, Nailwal TK (2014) Burkholderia sp. from rhizosphere of Rhododendron arboretum: isolation, identification and plant growth promotory (PGP) activities. J Appl Nat Sci 6:473–479

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Najjar G, Godlinski F, Vassilev N, Löbermann BE (2012) Dual inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increases phosphorus uptake of maize and faba bean from rock phosphate. Agric For Res 3:77–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Naseri R, Moghadam A, Darabi F, Hatami A, Tahmasebei GR (2013) The effect of deficit irrigation and Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense on grain yield, yield components of maize (S.C. 704) as a second cropping in western Iran. Bull Environ Pharmacol Life Sci 2:104–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Noori MSS, Saud HM (2012) Potential plant growth-promoting activity of Pseudomonas sp isolated from paddy soil in Malaysia as biocontrol agent. J Plant Pathol Microbiol 3:120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nosrati R, Owlia P, Saderi H, Rasooli I, Malboobi MA (2014) Phosphate solubilization characteristics of efficient nitrogen fixing soil Azotobacter strains. Iranian J Microbiol 6:285–295

    Google Scholar 

  • Patil HSR, Naik VT, Avin VBR, Sayeswara HA (2013) Isolation and molecular characterization of Bacillus megaterium isolated from various agroclimatic zones of Karnataka and its effect on medicinal plant Ruta gradiolus. Curr Res Microbiol Biotechnol. 1(4):173–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Patil A, Laddha A, Lunge A, Paikrao H, Mahure S (2012) In vitro antagonistic properties of selected Trichoderma species against tomato root rot causing Pythium species. Int J Sci Environ Technol 1:302–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Patra RK, Pant LM, Pradhan K (2012) Response of soybean to inoculation with rhizobial strains: effect on growth, yield, N uptake and soil N status. World J Agric Sci 8:51–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Prakash B, Irfan M (2011) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is present in crude oil contaminated sites of Barmer region (India). J Bioremed Biodegrad 2:129. doi:10.4172/2155-6199.1000129

  • Priya S, Panneerselvam T, Sivakumar T (2013) Evaluation of Indole-3-acetic acid in phosphate solubilizing microbes isolated from Rhizosphere soil. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 2:29–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Qualhato TF, Lopes FAC, Steindorff AS, Brandao RS, Jesuino RSA, Ulhoa CJ (2013) Mycoparasitism studies of Trichoderma species against three phytopathogenic fungi: evaluation of antagonism and hydrolytic enzyme production. Biotechnol Lett 35:1461–1468

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rafi MM, Varalakshmi T, Charyulu PBBN (2012) Influence of Azospirillum and PSB inoculation on growth and yield of foxtail millet. J Microbiol Biotech Res 2:558–565

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajpoot P, Panwar KS (2013) Isolation and characterization of rhizobia and their effect on Vigna radiate plant. Octa J Biosci 1:69–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramyasmruthi S, Pallavi O, Pallavi S, Tilak K, Srividya S (2012) Chitinolytic and secondary metabolite producing Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from Solanaceae rhizosphere effective against broad spectrum fungal phytopathogens. Asian J Plant Sci Res 2:16–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sen S, Chandrasekhar CN (2014) Effect of PGPR on growth promotion of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress. Asian J Plant Sci Res 4:62–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Shanmugapriya M, Farooq R, Divyashree K, Satheesh Babu AK, Prabha ML, Prasad MP (2013) Pilot scale production of Azotobacter biofertilizer and its effect on the growth parameters of Ocimum sanctum. Int J Eng Adv Technol 2:534–537

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh NK, Chaudhary FK, Patel DB (2013) Effectiveness of Azotobacter bioinoculant for wheat grown under dryland condition. J Environ Biol 34:927–932

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sobha G, Kumudini BS (2012) Antagonistic effect of the newly isolated PGPR Bacillus spp. on Fusarium oxysporum. Int J Appl Sci Eng Res 1:463–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soleimanzadeh H, Gooshchi F (2013) Effects of Azotobacterand Nitrogen chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). World Appl. Sci. 21: 1176–1180

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava MP, Tiwari R, Sharma N (2013) Effect of different cultural variables on siderophores produced by Trichoderma spp. Int J Adv Res 1:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivatsava UP (2013) Isolation and initial characterization of diazotrophic plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from rice rhizosphere of Parsa and Bara district of Nepal. Int J Pharm Life Sci 4:2481–2488

    Google Scholar 

  • Tabar SY (2013) Evaluation of nitrogen fixation microorganisms in agriculture. Sci Agric 2:22–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Trabelsi D, Mengoni A, Amma HB, Mhamdi R (2011) Effect of on field inoculation of Phaseolus vulgaris with rhizobia on soil bacterial communities. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 77:211–222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi J, Singh AK, Tiwari P, Menaka M (2013) Comparative effectiveness of different isolates of Azospirillum on nitrogen fixation and yield and yield attributing characters of tomato in Chattisgarh. Afr J Microbiol Res 7:3615–3620

    Google Scholar 

  • Turan M, Ekinci M, Yildirim E, Günes A, Karagöz K, Kotan R, Dursun A (2014) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improved growth, nutrient, and hormone content of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) seedlings. Turk J Agric For 38:327–333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verma V, Joshi K, Mazumdar B (2012) Study of siderophore formation in nodule-forming bacterial species. Res J Chem Sci 2:26–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Walpola BC, Yoon MH (2013) Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their co-inoculation efficiency on tomato plant growth and phosphorous uptake. Afr J Microbiol Res 7:266–275

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walpola BC, Arunakumara AKIU, Yoon MH (2014) Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Klebsiella oxycota) with enhanced tolerant to environmental stress. Afr J Microbiol Res 8:2970–2978

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav RS, Meena SC, Patel SI, Patel KI, Akhtar MS, Yadav BK, Panwar J (2012) Bioavailability of soil P for plant nutrition. In: Lichtfouse E (ed) Farming for food and water security, sustainable agriculture reviews 10. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 177–200

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Yadav BK, Akhtar MS, Panwar J (2015) Rhizospheric plant microbe interactions: a key factor to soil fertility and plant nutrition. In: Arora NK (ed) Plant microbe symbiosis—applied facets. Springer, New Delhi, pp 127–145

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The author is thankful to the Management of Core Green Sugar and Fuels for giving an opportunity and encouragement in preparation of this chapter.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Core Green Sugar and Fuels Private Limited, Tumkur Village, Shahapur Taluk, Yadgir District, 585355, Karnataka, India

    Vankayalapati Vijaya Kumar

Authors
  1. Vankayalapati Vijaya Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vankayalapati Vijaya Kumar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

  2. Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohd Sayeed Akhtar

  3. Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Siti Nor Akmar Abdullah

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kumar, V.V. (2016). Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms: Interaction with Plants and Soil. In: Hakeem, K., Akhtar, M., Abdullah, S. (eds) Plant, Soil and Microbes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27455-3_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation