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Acquired Coagulation Disorders

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Anticoagulation and Hemostasis in Neurosurgery

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Abstract

Hemostasis is a complex, regulated sequence of interactions involving platelets, the blood vessel endothelium, and coagulation factors. Primary hemostasis involves platelet activation and culminates in the formation of the platelet plug. Secondary hemostasis follows with the activation of the coagulation cascade on the surface of platelets, leading to the formation of a stable fibrin clot. Under physiologic conditions, an equilibrium exists between the formation of a clot and its degradation. Abnormal bleeding can occur when the normal equilibrium no longer exists and can result from disorders of the coagulation system, platelets, or blood vessels. Disorders of the coagulation system can be acquired or hereditary, the former resulting from nutritional deficiencies, systemic diseases, formation of factor inhibitors, and drugs. This chapter addresses the most common and clinically relevant acquired coagulation disorders including vitamin K deficiency, liver dysfunction, factor deficiencies, and inhibitors. We also discuss the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, which is primarily a prothrombotic state and rarely causes bleeding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA

    Kimberly Kruczek D.O., Kathrine Cooper M.D., Hanh Mai D.O. & Sucha Nand M.D.

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  1. Kimberly Kruczek D.O.
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  2. Kathrine Cooper M.D.
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  3. Hanh Mai D.O.
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  4. Sucha Nand M.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kimberly Kruczek D.O. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, Illinois, USA

    Christopher M. Loftus

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Kruczek, K., Cooper, K., Mai, H., Nand, S. (2016). Acquired Coagulation Disorders. In: Loftus, C. (eds) Anticoagulation and Hemostasis in Neurosurgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27327-3_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27327-3_8

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27325-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27327-3

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