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Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices pp 1–28Cite as

Molecular Diagnosis of Killer Pathogen of Potato: Phytophthora infestans and Its Management

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Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Phytophthora diseases cause major losses to agricultural as well as to horticultural production in India and worldwide. Most Phytophthora diseases are soilborne except Late blight of Potato caused by Phytophthora infestans and difficult to control, making disease prevention an important component of many disease management strategies. Detection and identification of the causal agent, therefore, is an essential part of effective disease management. Although these methods are still fundamental there is an increasing move towards molecular diagnostics of fungi in all fields. Enumerating the pathogen upon detection is crucial to estimate the potential risks with respect to diseases development and provides a useful basis for diseases management decisions. Species of the genus Phytophthora are arguably the most destructive plant pathogens causing widespread damage to many agricultural, horticultural and ornamental crops, and to native ecosystems throughout the world. Globalization has increased the volume of plants being transported over long distances and has increased the spread of Phytophthora species. The morphological characteristics of these structures and various kinds of spores produced by them have been the basis of identification up to genus/species level and classification of these pathogens into family, order and class. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has emerged as a tool for detecting microorganisms in many diverse environments. Thus far, it is clear that DNA-based detection systems exhibit higher levels sensitivity than conventional techniques. The possibility of detecting two or more pathogens simultaneously has become bright after the development of DNA array technology. The usefulness of immunoassays for early detection and precise identification has been significantly enhanced following the development of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and monoclonal antibodies (Dipsticks) which exhibit greater sensitivity and specificity compared with isolation based methods which are laborious and time-consuming. Disease management methods based on cultural, chemical control, resistant varieties, Diseases forecasting are illustrated. New technologies promise to improve the speed and accuracy of disease diagnostics and pathogen detection. Widespread adoption of standard operating procedures and diagnostic laboratory accreditation serve to build trust and confidence among institutions. Case studies of national and international diagnostic networks are presented. This review examines the technical advances in the field and the rationale for such studies on Phytophthora.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Science, Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, 248001, UK, India

    Touseef Hussain

  2. Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, 171001, HP, India

    Bir Pal Singh

Authors
  1. Touseef Hussain
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  2. Bir Pal Singh
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Correspondence to Touseef Hussain .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben Gurion University of The Negev, Beersheva, Israel

    Pradeep Kumar

  2. MGBG, Biochemistry, National Univ of Ireland Galway, Galway, Galway, Ireland

    Vijai Kumar Gupta

  3. Uttar Pradesh Council of Sugarcane, Shahjahnapur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajay Kumar Tiwari

  4. Dryland Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of The Negev, Beersheva, Israel

    Madhu Kamle

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Hussain, T., Singh, B.P. (2016). Molecular Diagnosis of Killer Pathogen of Potato: Phytophthora infestans and Its Management. In: Kumar, P., Gupta, V., Tiwari, A., Kamle, M. (eds) Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27312-9_1

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