Skip to main content

Autonomous Visual Tracking with Extended Kalman Filter Estimator for Micro Aerial Vehicles

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy and Neuro Computing (FANCCO - 2015)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 415))

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to estimate the Ground Moving Target position and track the Ground Moving Target continuously using Extended Kalman Filter estimator. Based on previous target positions in image sequences, this algorithm predicts the target next position in the image sequence. A Graphical User Interface based tool was developed for simulation and test the Autonomous Visual Tracking with Extended Kalman Filter estimator using MATLAB Graphical User Interface Development Environment tool.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Narsimlu, K., Rajinikanth, T.V., Guntupalli, D.R.: An experimental study of the autonomous visual target tracking algorithms for small unmanned aerial vehicles. In: 1st International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technologies (ICRSKT-2014), pp. 80–84. Elsevier Publications (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Narsimlu, K., Rajinikanth, T.V., Guntupalli, D.R.: A comparative study on image fusion algorithms for avionics applications, Int. J. Adv. Eng. Glob. Technol. 2(4), 616–621 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rajinikanth, T.V., Rao, T., Rajasekhar, N.: An efficient approach for weather forecasting using support vector machines. In: International Conference on Intelligent Network and Computing (ICINC-2012), vol. 47, issue 39, pp. 208–212 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Rajinikanth, T.V., Rao T.: A hybrid random forest based support vector machine classification supplemented by boosting, Int. Res. J. Publ. 14(1), 43–53 (2014) (Global Journals Inc. (USA))

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rajinikanth, T.V., Rao T.: Supervised classification of remote sensed data using support vector machine, Int. Res. J. Publ. 14(14), 71–76 (2014). Global Journals Inc. (USA)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Rajinikanth, T.V., Nagendra Kumar, Y.J.: Managing satellite imagery using geo processing tools and sensors—mosaic data sets. In: 1st International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technologies (ICRSKT-2014), pp. 52–59. Elsevier Publications (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kiranmayee, B.V., Nagini, S., Rajinikanth T.V.: A recent survey on the usage of data mining techniques for agricultural datasets analysis. In: 1st International Conference on Rough Sets and Knowledge Technologies (ICRSKT-2014), pp. 38–44. Elsevier Publications (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang, M., Liu, H.H.: Vision-based tracking and estimation of ground moving target using unmanned aerial vehicle. In: IEEE, American Control Conference, pp. 6968–6973 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Dobrokhodov, V.N., Kaminer, I., Jones, K.D., Ghabcheloo, R.: Vision-based tracking and motion estimation for moving targets using small UAVs. In: IEEE, American Control Conference (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  10. El-Kalubi, A.A., Rui, Z., Haibo, S.: Vision-based real time guidance of UAV. In: IEEE, Management and Service Science (MASS), pp. 1–4 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Xin, Z., Fang, Y., Xian, B.: An on-board pan-tilt controller for ground target tracking systems. In: IEEE, Control Applications (CCA), pp. 147–152 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Li, Z., Hovakimyan, N., Dobrokhodov, V., Kaminer, I.: Vision based target tracking and motion estimation using a small UAV. In: IEEE, Decision and Control (CDC), pp. 2505–2510 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Watanabe, Y., Calise, A.J. Johnson, E.N.: Vision-based obstacle avoidance for UAVs. In: AIAA, Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Theodorakopoulos, P., Lacroix, S.: A strategy for tracking a ground target with a UAV. In: IEEE, Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2008), pp. 1254–1259 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Peliti, P., Rosa, L., Oriolo, G., Vendittelli, M.: Vision-based loitering over a target for a fixed-wing UAV. In: 10th IFAC Symposium on Robot Control, International Federation of Automatic Control, Dubrovnik, Croatia (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Barber, D.B., Redding, J.D., Mclain, T.W., Beard, R.W., Taylor, C.N.: Vision-based target geo-location using a fixed-wing miniature air vehicle. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 47(4), 361–382 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Johnson, E.N., Schrage, D.P.: The Georgia Tech Unmanned Aerial Research Vehicle: GTMax. School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta (2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  18. Cohen, I., Medioni, G.: Detecting and tracking moving objects in video from and airborne observer. In: IEEE Image Understanding Workshop, pp. 217–222 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yau, W.G.; Fu, L-C., Liu, D.: Design and implementation of visual servoing system for realistic air target tracking. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation—ICRA, vol. 1, pp. 229–234 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Yilmaz, A., Javed, O., Shah, M.: Object tracking: a survey. ACM Comput. Surv. 38(4) (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Joshi, K.A., Thakore, D.G.: A survey on moving object detection and tracking in video surveillance system. Int. J. Soft Comput. Eng. (IJSCE) 2(3) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Badgujar, C.D., Sapkal, D.P.: A Survey on object detect, track and identify using video surveillance. IOSR J. Eng. (IOSRJEN) 2(10), 71–76 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Deori, B., Thounaojam, D.M.: A survey on moving object tracking in video. Int. J. Inf. Theory (IJIT) 3(3) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hu, W., Tan, T., Wang, L., Maybank, S.: A survey on visual surveillance of object motion and behaviors. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C, 334–352 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Comaniciu, D., Meer, P.: Mean shift: a robust approach toward feature space analysis. IEEE Trans. PAMI 24(5) (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Comaniciu, D., Ramesh, V., Meer, P.: Real-time tracking of non-rigid objects using mean shift. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. 142–149 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Comaniciu, D., Meer, P.: Mean shift analysis and applications. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp. 1197–1203 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Comaniciu, D., Ramesh, V., Meer, P.: Kernel-based object tracking. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 25(5), 564–577 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Collins, R.T.: Mean-shift blob tracking through scale space. In: Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 234–240 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Leung, A., Gong, S.: Mean-shift tracking with random sampling. In: BMVC, pp. 729–738 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Intel Corporation: OpenCV Reference Manual v2.1, (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Allen, J.G., Xu, R.Y.D., Jin, J.S.: Object tracking using camshift algorithm and multiple quantized feature spaces, In: Proceedings of the Pan-Sydney Area Workshop on Visual Information Processing, pp. 3–7 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Stolkin, R., Florescu, I., Kamberov, G.: An adaptive background model for camshift tracking with a moving camera, In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition, (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Emami, E, Fathy, M.: Object tracking using improved camshift algorithm combined with motion segmentation (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Kalman, R.E.: A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems. Trans. ASME: J. Basic Eng. 82, 35–45 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Kalman, R.E., Bucy, R.S.: New results in linear filtering and prediction theory. Trans. ASME: J. Basic Eng. 83, 95–107 (1961)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. Welch, G., Bishop, G.: An introduction to the Kalman filter. In: Proceedings of SIGGRAPH, pp. 19–24 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Janabi, F., Marey, M.: A Kalman filter based method for pose estimation in visual servoing. IEEE Trans. Rob. 26(5), 939–947 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Torkaman, B., Farrokhi, M.: A Kalman-filter-based method for real-time visual tracking of a moving object using pan and tilt platform. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res. 3(8) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Salhi, A., Jammoussi A.Y.: Object tracking system using camshift, meanshift and Kalman filter. World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol. (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Raja, A.S., Dwivedi, A., Tiwari, H.: Vision based tracking for unmanned aerial vehicle. Adv. Aerosp. Sci. Appl. 4(1), 59–64 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Wang, X., Zhu, H., Zhang, D., Zhou, D., Wang, X.: Vision-based detection and tracking of a mobile ground target using a fixed-wing UAV. Int. J. Adv. Rob. Syst. (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Qadir, A., Neubert, J., Semke, W.: On-board visual tracking with unmanned aircraft system. In: AIAA Infotech@Aerospace Conference, St. Louis, MO (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Redding, J.D., McLain, T.W., Beard, R.W., Taylor, C.N: Vision-based target localization from a fixed-wing miniature air vehicle. In: Proceedings of the 2006 American Control Conference, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Al-Radaideh, A., Al-Jarrah, M.A., Jhemi, A., Dhaouadi, R.: ARF60 AUS-UAV modeling, system identification, guidance and control: validation through hardware in the loop simulation. In: 6th International Symposium on Mechatronics and its Applications (ISMA09), Sharjah, UAE. (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Chui, C.K., Chen, G.: Kalman Filtering with Real-Time Applications, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Grewal, M.S., Andrews, A.P.: Kalman Filtering: Theory and Practice Using MATLAB. Wiley, New York (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Brown, R.G., Hwang, P.Y.C.: Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman Filtering with MATLAB Exercises and Solutions. Wiley, New York (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Prince, RA.: Autonomous visual tracking of stationary targets using small unmanned aerial vehicles. M.Sc. Dissertation, Department of Mechanical and Astronautical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Trago, T.M.: Performance analysis for a vision-based target tracking system of a small unmanned aerial vehicle. M.Sc. Dissertation, Department of Mechanical and Astronautical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Brashear, T.J.: Analysis of dead time and implementation of smith predictor compensation in tracking servo systems for small unmanned aerial vehicles. M.Sc. Dissertation, Department of Mechanical and Astronautical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Bernard, S.M.L.: Hardware in the loop implementation of adaptive vision based guidance law for ground target tracking. M.Sc. Dissertation, Department of Mechanical and Astronautical Engineering, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Homulle, H., Zimmerling, J: UAV camera system for object searching and tracking. Bachelor Thesis, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  54. Garcia, R., Garcia, A.: Gimbal control. M.Sc. Thesis, School of Engineering, Cranfield University (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Amer, A., Al-Radaideh, K.H.: Guidance, control and trajectory tracking of small fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV’s). M.Sc. Thesis, American University of Sharjah (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  56. UAV Vision Pty Ltd. http://www.uavvision.com (2014)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. Narsimlu .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Narsimlu, K., Rajini Kanth, T.V., Guntupalli, D.R. (2015). Autonomous Visual Tracking with Extended Kalman Filter Estimator for Micro Aerial Vehicles. In: Ravi, V., Panigrahi, B., Das, S., Suganthan, P. (eds) Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy and Neuro Computing (FANCCO - 2015). Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 415. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27212-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27212-2_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27211-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27212-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics