Abstract
The performance of solar thermal collectors such as PTCs can be assessed by performing specific procedures described in standards. Standards generally followed in the solar energy field are the ISO 9806, the ANSI/ASHRAE 93 and the EN 12975-1, which will be presented in this chapter. The measurements and the procedures required for testing PTCs will be discussed in detail, in particular focusing the attention on the three most important parameters of a solar collector: the time constant, the thermal efficiency and the incident angle modifier. Due to its importance, uncertainty in thermal efficiency testing will be described extensively. Also, quality test methods will be briefly discussed.
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Notes
- 1.
Quasi-steady state describes solar collector test conditions when the flow rate, inlet fluid temperature, collector temperature, solar irradiance, and ambient environment have stabilized such an extent that these conditions may be considered essentially constant.
- 2.
EN 12975-2:2001 specified that, even though basically not applicable to tracking concentrating collectors, given quasi-dynamic testing was also applicable to most concentrating collector designs.
References
ISO 9806:2013 (2013) Solar energy—solar thermal collectors—test methods
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 93–2010 (RA2014) (2014) Methods of testing to determine the thermal performance of solar collectors
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 93–1986 (1986) Methods of testing to determine the thermal performance of solar collectors
EN 12975–1:2000 (2000) Thermal solar systems and components—solar collectors—part 1: general requirements
EN 12975–2:2001 (2001) Thermal solar systems and components—solar collectors—part 2: test methods
JCGM 100:2008 (2008) Evaluation of measurement data. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
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Coccia, G., Di Nicola, G., Hidalgo, A. (2016). Standards and Testing. In: Parabolic Trough Collector Prototypes for Low-Temperature Process Heat. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27084-5_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27084-5_3
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