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Springer Handbook of Odor pp 73–74Cite as

Nasal Periceptor Processes

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Abstract

There are myriads of odorous molecules that we perceive and it is remarkable that most of us seem to have very similar odor impressions that originate from a specific stimulus and the sense of smell appears to be robust during much of a lifetime. When perceiving scents, olfactory receptor (GlossaryTerm

OR

) proteins are at work to translate chemical information into neuronal signals that are decoded in the olfactory cortex to provide us with an odor image. Proposed in the middle of the last century but only substantiated with intriguing laboratory data during the last decade, there are enzymes expressed at high levels in the olfactory mucosa, and they metabolize xenobiotics including odorants and produce many new chemical species. Examples demonstrate that such perireceptor events can alter the receptor-dependent activation pattern in the olfactory neuroepithelium, which has an impact on the quality and the intensity of odor stimuli. Results that do not seem to fit a model or a hypothesis may make sense if perireceptor events are brought into the equation.

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Abbreviations

APCI:

atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

CE:

carboxyl esterase

EH:

epoxide hydrolase

EOG:

electroolfactogram

FAD:

flavin adenine dinucleotide

GC:

gas chromatography

GPCR:

G protein coupled receptor

HEK:

human embryonic kidney cell

IC50:

half-minimal inhibitory concentration

mOR-EG:

mouse olfactory receptor protein

MS:

mass spectrometry

OB:

olfactory bulb

OBP:

odor binding protein

OR:

olfactory receptor

OTH:

odor detection threshold

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

RNA:

ribonucleic acid

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  1. Fragrance S&T – Biosciences, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Überlandstrasse 138, Duebendorf, Switzerland

    Boris Schilling

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  1. Fraunhofer-Institut for Process Engineering and Packaging, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354, Freising, Germany

    Andrea Buettner

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Schilling, B. (2017). Nasal Periceptor Processes. In: Buettner, A. (eds) Springer Handbook of Odor. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_28

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