Abstract
This chapter focuses on a number of issues that have come up in recent years in the design, development, and implementation of scheduling systems. The first section discusses issues concerning uncertainty, robustness, and reactive decision-making. In practice, schedules often have to be changed because of random events. The more robust the original schedule is, the easier the rescheduling is. This section focuses on the generation of robust schedules as well as on the measurement of their robustness. The second section considers machine learning mechanisms. No system can consistently generate good solutions that are to the liking of the user. The decision-maker often has to tweak the schedule generated by the system in order to make it usable. A well-designed system can learn from past adjustments made by the user; the mechanism that enables the system to do this is called a learning mechanism. The third section focuses on the design of scheduling engines. An engine often contains an entire library of algorithms.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
R. Akkiraju, P. Keskinocak, S. Murthy, F. Wu (1998) “A New Decision Support System for Paper Manufacturing”, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Project Management and Scheduling (1998), pp. 147–150, Bogazici University Printing Office, Istanbul, Turkey.
R. Akkiraju, P. Keskinocak, S. Murthy, F. Wu (2001) “An Agent based Approach to Multi Machine Scheduling”, Journal of Applied Intelligence, Vol. 14, pp. 135–144.
H. Aytug, S. Bhattacharyya, G.J. Koehler and J.L. Snowdon (1994) “A Review of Machine Learning in Scheduling”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 41, pp. 165–171.
C. Bierwirth and D.C. Mattfeld (1999) “Production Scheduling and Rescheduling with Genetic Algorithms”, Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 7, pp. 1–17.
G. Booch (1994) Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications (Second Edition), Benjamin/Cummings Scientific, Menlo Park, California.
X. Chao and M. Pinedo (1992) “A Parametric Adjustment Method for Dispatching”, Technical Report, Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, Columbia University, New York.
A. Collinot, C. LePape and G. Pinoteau (1988) “SONIA: A Knowledge-Based Scheduling System”, Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, Vol. 2, pp. 86–94.
A. Elkamel and A. Mohindra (1999) “A Rolling Horizon Heuristic for Reactive Scheduling of Batch Process Operations”, Engineering Optimization, Vol. 31, pp. 763–792.
A. Feldman (1999) Scheduling Algorithms and Systems, PhD Thesis, Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, Columbia University, New York.
M.S. Fox and S.F. Smith (1984) “ISIS – A Knowledge-Based System for Factory Scheduling”, Expert Systems, Vol. 1, pp. 25–49.
N.G. Hall and M.E. Posner (2004) “Sensitivity Analysis for Scheduling Problems”, Journal of Scheduling, Vol. 7, pp. 49–83.
V.J. Leon and S.D. Wu (1994) “Robustness Measures and Robust Scheduling for Job Shops”, IIE Transactions, Vol. 26, pp. 32–43.
V.J. Leon, S.D. Wu and R. Storer (1994) “A Game Theoretic Approach for Job Shops in the Presence of Random Disruptions”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 32, pp. 1451–1476.
J. Martin (1993) Principles of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
S.V. Mehta and R. Uzsoy (1999) “Predictable Scheduling of a Single Machine subject to Breakdowns”, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 12, pp. 15–38.
A. Oddi and N. Policella (2007) “Improving Robustness of Spacecraft Downlink Schedules”, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics – Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol. 37, pp. 887–896.
S. Park, N. Raman and M.J. Shaw (1997) “Adaptive Scheduling in Dynamic Flexible Manufacturing Systems: A Dynamic Rule Selection Approach”, IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 13, pp. 486–502.
E. Pesch (1994) Learning in Automated Manufacturing - A Local Search Approach, Physica-Verlag (A Springer Company), Heidelberg, Germany.
M. Pinedo and B. P.-C. Yen (1997) “On the Design and Development of Object-Oriented Scheduling Systems”, Annals of Operations Research, Vol. 70, C.-Y. Lee and L. Lei (eds.), pp. 359–378.
N. Policella, A. Cesta, A. Oddi and S.F. Smith (2005) “Schedule Robustness through Broader Solve and Robustify Search for Partial Order Schedules”, in AI*IA-05 Advances in Artificial Intelligence - Proceedings of the 9th Congress of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence, (held in Milan, Italy, September 2005), S. Bandini and S. Manzoni (eds.), Springer, pp. 160–172.
N. Policella, A. Cesta, A. Oddi and S.F. Smith (2007) “From Precedence Constraint Posting to Partial Order Schedules: A CSP Approach to Robust Scheduling”, AI Communications, Vol. 20, pp. 163–180.
P. Priore, D. de la Fuente, A. Gomez and J. Puente (2001) “A Review of Machine Learning in Dynamic Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems”, Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, Vol. 15, pp. 251–263.
I. Sabuncuoglu and M. Bayiz (2000) “Analysis of Reactive Scheduling Problems in a Job Shop Environment”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 126, pp. 567–586.
J. Sauer (1993) “Dynamic Scheduling Knowledge for Meta-Scheduling”, in Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Industrial Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems (IEA/AIE), Edinburgh, Scotland.
M.J. Shaw (1988a) “Dynamic Scheduling in Cellular Manufacturing Systems; A Framework for Networked Decision Making”, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Vol. 7, pp. 83–94.
M.J. Shaw (1988b) “Knowledge-Based Scheduling in Flexible Manufacturing Systems: An Integration of Pattern-Directed Inference and Heuristic Search”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 6, pp. 821–844.
M.J. Shaw, S. Park and N. Raman (1992) “Intelligent Scheduling with Machine Learning Capabilities: The Induction of Scheduling Knowledge”, IIE Transactions on Design and Manufacturing, Vol. 24, pp. 156–168.
M.J. Shaw and A.B. Whinston (1989) “An Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems”, IIE Transactions, Vol. 21, pp. 170–183.
S.F. Smith (1992) “Knowledge-based Production Management: Approaches, Results and Prospects”, Production Planning and Control, Vol. 3, pp. 350–380.
S.F. Smith and O. Lassila (1994) “Configurable Systems for Reactive Production Management”, in Knowledge-Based Reactive Scheduling (B–15), E. Szelke and R.M. Kerr (eds.), Elsevier Science, North Holland, Amsterdam.
S.F. Smith, N. Muscettola, D.C. Matthys, P.S. Ow and J. Y. Potvin (1990) “OPIS: An Opportunistic Factory Scheduling System”, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Industrial and Expert Systems, (IEA/AIE 90), Charleston, South Carolina.
G.E. Vieira, J.W. Herrmann, and E. Lin (2003) “Rescheduling Manufacturing Systems: A Framework of Strategies, Policies and Methods”, Journal of Scheduling, Vol. 6, pp. 39–62.
S. Webster (2000) “Frameworks for Adaptable Scheduling Algorithms”, Journal of Scheduling, Vol. 3, pp. 21–50.
S.D. Wu, E.S. Byeon and R.H. Storer (1999) “A Graph-Theoretic Decomposition of Job Shop Scheduling Problems to Achieve Schedule Robustness”, Operations Research, Vol. 47, pp. 113–124.
S.D. Wu, R.H. Storer and P.C. Chang (1991) “A Rescheduling Procedure for Manufacturing Systems under Random Disruptions,” in New Directions for Operations Research in Manufacturing, T. Gulledge and A. Jones (eds.), Springer Verlag, Berlin.
P.-C. Yen (1995) On the Architecture of an Object-Oriented Scheduling System, Ph.D. thesis, Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research, Columbia University, New York, New York.
B.P.-C. Yen (1997) “Interactive Scheduling Agents on the Internet”, in Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS–30), Hawaii.
Y. Yih (1990) “Trace-driven Knowledge Acquisition (TDKA) for Rule-Based Real Time Scheduling Systems”, Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 1, pp. 217–230.
E. Yourdon (1994) “Object-Oriented Design: An Integrated Approach”, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
W. Zhang and T.G. Dietterich (1995) “A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Job-Shop Scheduling”, in Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-95), C.S. Mellish (ed.), pp. 1114–1120, Conference held in Montreal, Canada, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, California.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pinedo, M.L. (2016). Design and Implementation of Scheduling Systems: More Advanced Concepts. In: Scheduling. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26580-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26580-3_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26578-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26580-3
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)