Abstract
The net neutrality movement, its leaders and acolytes, should take stock of their success. Barely a decade ago “network neutrality” was an academic concept, but no longer. A recent blog from Access Now shows a world map with some two dozen nations with net neutrality rules of some kind, 28 EU member nations on track with rules, and India, Pakistan and South Africa considering rules.
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Notes
- 1.
Wu (2003), p. 141, 39.
- 2.
Olukotun (2015).
- 3.
Net Neutrality Ruling by FCC (2015).
- 4.
Telecommunicatiewet (2015).
- 5.
O Razglasitvi Zakona O Elektronskih Komunikacijah (ZEKom-1) (2012).
- 6.
European Single Market for Electronic Communications (2014).
- 7.
Commission Welcomes Agreement to End Roaming Charges and to Guarantee an Open Internet (2015).
- 8.
Consagra El Principio de Neutralidad En La Red Para Los Consumidores Y Usuarios de Internet (2010).
- 9.
Por La Cual Se Expide El Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (2011).
- 10.
Ley de Promocion de La Banda Ancha Y Construccion de La Red Dorsal Nacional de Fibra Optica (2012).
- 11.
Estabelece Princípios, Garantias, Direitos E Deveres Para O Uso Da Internet No Brasil (2014).
- 12.
Expiden La Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones Y Radiodifusion, Y La Ley Del Sistema Publico de Radiodifusion Del Mixcano; Y Se Reforman, Adicionan Y Derogan, Diversas Disposiciones En Materia de Telecomunicaciones Y Radiodifusion (2014).
- 13.
Vargas-Leon (2014).
- 14.
A View of Traffic Management and Other Practices Resulting in Restrictions to the Open Internet in Europe BEREC Findings on Traffic Management Practices in Europe - Traffic Management Investigation (2012).
- 15.
Antitrust: Commission Closes Investigation into Internet Connectivity Services but Will Continue to Monitor the Sector (2014).
- 16.
Federal Communications Commission, Report and Order on Remand, Declaratory Ruling, and Order (2015).
- 17.
Telecom Regulatory Policy CRTC 2009-657 (2009).
- 18.
Broadcasting and Telecom Decision CRTC 2015-26 (2015).
- 19.
Petitioners’ Join Proposed Briefing Format and Schedule (2015).
- 20.
Veigle (2015).
- 21.
Smith (2015).
- 22.
Nätneutralitet (2011).
- 23.
Nettnøytralitet: Retningslinjer for Nøytralitet På Internett (2009).
- 24.
Neutralité de l’Internet et Des Réseaux (2010).
- 25.
New Competition Promotion Program 2010 (2007).
- 26.
Samarbejde Om – Og Retningslinjer for ”netneutralitet” (2011).
- 27.
“방송통신위원회, 망 중립성 및 인터넷 트래픽 관리에 관한 가이드라인 제정” (Seoul, SK: KCC, December 26, 2011), www.kcc.go.kr/download.do?fileSeq=33164.
- 28.
Ofcom’s Approach to Net Neutrality (2011).
- 29.
Netzneutralität: Bericht Zur Arbeitsgruppe (2014).
- 30.
Sebastien Soriano: Speech ETNO-MLEX 2015 (2015).
- 31.
Ibid.
- 32.
Case Search – Competition – European Commission – Google (2015).
- 33.
Luca et al. (2015).
- 34.
Traffic Management Detection Methods and Tools (2015).
- 35.
Bergström (2014).
- 36.
Sørensen (2013).
- 37.
Marsden (2015).
- 38.
Henten and Falch (2014).
- 39.
Falch and Henten (2015).
- 40.
Measuring the Information Society Report 2014 (2014).
- 41.
Layton and Elaluf-Calderwood (2015).
- 42.
Nye (2005).
- 43.
FCC Open Internet Report & Order 10-201, Paragraph 14 (2010).
- 44.
Verizon v. FCC, 740 F. 3d 623 (Court of Appeals, Dist. of Columbia Circuit 2014). FCC Releases Open Internet Order (2015).
- 45.
Id. at 659.
- 46.
Lemley and Lessig (2000).
- 47.
Freeman (1995), pp. 5–24.
- 48.
Teece (1986).
- 49.
Christiansen (1997).
- 50.
Rogers (2003).
- 51.
Schumpeter (1942).
- 52.
Kende and Rose (2015).
- 53.
Layton (2014).
- 54.
WIPO Intellectual Property Statistics Data Center (2015).
- 55.
R: R Foundation Members and Supporters (2015).
- 56.
Facts on Android (2015).
- 57.
When It Comes to Net Neutrality, Why Don’t People Talk about Operating Systems? (2013).
- 58.
O’connell (2013).
- 59.
Hestres (2013), p. 15.
- 60.
Ramos and Cota (2009).
- 61.
Report: China Surpasses United States by iOS Downloads (2015).
- 62.
Personal Interview with mobile application developer Babar Baig, creator of the WriteReader iPad application for educators, August 26, 2015.
- 63.
Yoo (2009), p. 77.
- 64.
Ramos (2014).
- 65.
IHS Infonetics Service Provider Capex and Subscribers, prepared semi-annually. “Infonetics Research,” Infonetics, 2015, http://www.infonetics.com/research.asp?cvg=ServiceProviderCapexandSubscribers.
- 66.
World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database (2015).
- 67.
A complete study will be available from the Center for Communication, Media and Information Technologies at Aalborg University.
- 68.
Measuring the Information Society Report 2014 (2014).
- 69.
- 70.
Van Eijk (2014).
- 71.
Besluit van de Minister van Economische Zaken van 11 mei 2015, nr. WJZ/15062267, houdende beleidsregel inzake de toepassing door de Autoriteit Consument en Markt van artikel 7.4a van de Telecommunicatiewet (Beleidsregel netneutraliteit) (2015).
- 72.
Supra Layton and Elaluf-Calderwood (2015).
- 73.
Negro (2015).
- 74.
Singer (2015).
- 75.
FCC Press Release (2015).
- 76.
Grant and Khosla (2015).
- 77.
Kelly (2014).
- 78.
The Global Innovation Index (2015).
- 79.
The Bloomberg Innovation Index (2015).
- 80.
Innovation Indicators (2015).
- 81.
Examples of articles include Susan Crawford, Why Can’t We Be Like South Korea? When Internet Access Is Slow or Just Nonexistent in the US, We Shrug Our Shoulders. But in That Small Asian Nation, Lousy Connections Are Not Tolerated. (2015), Kehl et al. (2014), Crawford (2013), Karr (2011), O’Brien (2014), Geoghegan (2013).
- 82.
FCC Open Internet Rules Paragraph 372, Page 171 (2015).
- 83.
Public Knowledge (2015).
- 84.
Hattem (2014).
- 85.
Rogers (2015).
- 86.
Netflix Has Replaced Google as the Face of Net Neutrality Netflix Has Replaced Google as the Face of Net Neutrality (2014).
- 87.
- 88.
Silvius (2011).
- 89.
Crawford and Scott (2015).
- 90.
Scott et al. (2015).
- 91.
European Commission (2015).
- 92.
Marcus (2014).
- 93.
“How Do Consumers Value Net Neutrality in an Evolving Internet Marketplace? A Report into Ecosystem Dynamics and Demand-Side Forces” (BEREC, June 2015), http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/download/0/5024-berec-report-on-how-consumers-value-net-_0.pdf.
- 94.
Faris (2015).
- 95.
Nagesh (2014).
- 96.
Brake (2015).
- 97.
Farivar (2012).
- 98.
“Open Internet Advisory Committee,” FCC, (November 4, 2014), https://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/open-internet-advisory-committee.
- 99.
European Innovation Scoreboards (2015).
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Layton, R. (2016). Test of the FCC’s Virtuous Circle: Preliminary Results for Edge Provider Innovation and BIAS Provider Investment by Country with Hard Versus Soft Rules. In: Belli, L., De Filippi, P. (eds) Net Neutrality Compendium. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26425-7_13
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