Abstract
Starting from the known facts on spectral lines up to 1925, the crucial new ideas of Heisenberg are presented which led him to the introduction of his matrix quantum mechanics.
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Notes
- 1.
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1824–1887, German physicist.
- 2.
Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen, 1811–1899, German chemist.
- 3.
Johann Jakob Balmer, 1825–1898.
- 4.
Johannes Robert Rydberg, 1854–1919, Swedish physicist.
- 5.
Today, R is an accurately known fundamental constant with \(R_{\infty } = 10973731.568539(55)\, m^{-1}\). The index \( \infty \) indicates that an infinitely large nucleus mass is assumed.
- 6.
Walter Ritz, 1878–1909, Swiss theoretical physicist.
- 7.
\(\hbar {\mathop {=}\limits ^\mathrm{def}}\frac{h}{2\pi }\).
- 8.
The matrix components \(x(n, m) = a(n, m) \, e^{2 \pi i \nu (n, m) t}\) are not to be confused with the classical coefficients \( a_\alpha e^{i \alpha \omega t} \) of a Fourier series (see Appendix C), where we sum up from \(\alpha = - \infty \) to \(\alpha = + \infty \) in order to obtain the periodic function x(t).
- 9.
Charles Hermite, 1822–1901, French mathematician.
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Ludyk, G. (2018). Heisenberg’s Year 1925. In: Quantum Mechanics in Matrix Form. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26366-3_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26366-3_2
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