Abstract
In this chapter, vertical profiles of temperature, specific humidity, and mixing ratio of cloud hydrometeors from cloud-resolving models are applied to radiative transfer model to simulate microwave radiance responses to cloud hydrometeors. The sensitivity experiments of radiances to cloud hydrometeors are used to remove cloud-induced contamination from cloudy radiances. The comparison in radiance between simulations and observations is conducted to evaluate the effects of accretion of snow by graupel on radiance. The cloud microphysical budgets from the experiments with and without the accretion processes are also compared to analyze the effects of the accretion on cloud budget.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adler RF, Yeh HYM, Prasad N, Tao WK, Simpson J (1991) Microwave simulations of a tropical rainfall system with a three-dimensional cloud model. J Appl Meteorol 30:924–953
Ferraro R (1997) Special sensor microwave imager derived global rainfall estimates for climatological applications. J Geophys Res 102:16715–16735
Ferrier BS, Tao WK, Simpson J (1995) A double-moment multiple-phase four-class bulk ice scheme. Part II: simulations of convective storms in different large-scale environments and comparisons with other bulk parameterizations. J Atmos Sci 52:1001–1033
Grody N (1980) Atmospheric water content over the tropical Pacific derived from the Nimbus-6 scanning microwave spectrometer. J Appl Meteorol 19:986–996
Grody N (1991) Classification of snow cover and precipitation using the special sensor microwave imager. J Geophys Res 96:7423–7435
Grody N, Weng F, Ferraro R (2000) Application of AMSU for obtaining hydrological parameters. In: Pampaloni P, Paloscia S (eds) Microwave radiometery and remote sensing of Earth’s surface and atmosphere. VSP, Zeist, Netherlands, pp 339–351
Hall WD (1980) A detailed microphysical model within a two-dimensional dynamic framework: model description and preliminary results. J Atmos Sci 37:2486–2507
Isaacs RG, Deblonde G (1987) Millimeter wave moisture sounding: the effect of clouds. Radio Sci 14:793–802
Kakar RK (1983) Retrieval of clear sky moisture profiles using the 183 GHz water vapor line. J Clim Appl Meteorol 22:1282–1289
Kakar RK, Lambrightsen BH (1984) A statistical correlation method for the retrieval of atmospheric moisture profiles by microwave radiometry. J Clim Appl Meteorol 23:1110–1114
Lambrightsen BH, Kakar RK (1985) Estimation of atmospheric moisture content from microwave radiometric measurements during CCOPE. J Clim Appl Meteorol 24:266–274
Li X, Weng F (2001) Effects of cloud and precipitation microphysics on AMSU measurements as simulated using cloud resolving model outputs. 11th conference on satellite meteorology and oceanography, Madison, Wisconsin, October 15–18, 2001
Li X, Weng F (2003) Toward direct uses of satellite cloudy radiances in NWP models. Part II: radiance simulations at microwave frequencies. 12th conference on satellite meteorology and oceanography, Long Beach, California, 9–13 February 2003
Liu Q, Weng F (2002) A microwave polarimetric two-stream radiative transfer model. J Atmos Sci 59:2396–2402
Mugnai A, Smith EA (1988) Radiative transfer to space through a precipitation cloud at multiple microwave frequencies. Part I: model description. J Appl Meteor 27:1055–1073
Mugnai A, Smith EA, Tropoli GJ (1993) Foundation for statistical-physical precipitation retrieval from passive microwave satellite measurements. Part II: emission-source and generalized weighting-function properties of a time-dependent cloud-radiation model. J Appl Meteor 32:17–39
Muller BM, Fuelberg HE, Xiang X (1994) Simulations of the effects of water vapor, cloud liquid water, and ice on AMSU moisture channel brightness temperatures. J Appl Meteorol 33:1133–1154
Rosenkranz PW, Komichak MJ, Staelin DH (1982) A method for estimation of atmospheric water vapor profiles by microwave radiometry. J Climate Appl Meteor 21:1364–1370
Schaerer G, Wilheit TT (1979) A passive technique for profiling atmospheric water vapor. Radio Sci 14:371–375
Smith EA, Mugnai A (1988) Radiative transfer to space through a precipitation cloud at multiple microwave frequencies. Part II: results and analysis. J Appl Meteor 27:1074–1091
Smith EA, Mugnai A (1989) Radiative transfer to space through a precipitation cloud at multiple microwave frequencies. Part III: influence of large ice particles. J Meteor Soc Japan 67:739–755
Smith EA, Mugnai A, Cooper HJ, Tropoli GJ, Xiang X (1992) Foundation for statistical-physical precipitation retrieval from passive microwave satellite measurements. Part I: brightness-temperature properties of a time-dependent cloud-radiation model. J Appl Meteor 31:506–531
Spencer R, Christy J, Grody N (1990) Global atmospheric temperature monitoring with satellite microwave measurements: method and results 1979–1984. J Clim 3:1111–1128
Wang JR, King JL, Wilheit TT, Szejwach G, Gesell LH, Nieman RA, Niver DS, Krupp BM, Gagliano JA (1983) Profiling atmospheric water vapor by microwave radiometry. J Clim Appl Meteorol 22:779–788
Weng F, Grody N (1994) Retrieval of cloud liquid water using the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). J Geophys Res 99:25535–25551
Weng F, Grody N (2000) Retrieval of ice cloud parameters using a microwave imaging radiometer. J Atmos Sci 57:1069–1081
Wentz F, Mattox L, Peteherych S (1986) New algorithms for microwave measurements of ocean winds application to SEASAT and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager. J Geophys Res 91:2289–2307
Wilheit TT (1990) An algorithm for retrieving water vapor profiles in clear and cloudy atmospheres from 183 GHz radiometric measurements: simulation studies. J Appl Meteorol 29:508–515
Wu R, Weinman JA (1984) Microwave radiances from precipitating clouds containing aspherical ice, combined phase, and liquid hydrometeors. J Geophys Res 89:7170–7178
Yeh HYM, Prasad N, Mack RA, Adler RF (1990) Aircraft microwave observations and simulations of deep convection from 18 to 183 GHz. Part II: model results. J Atmos Oceanic Technol 7:377–391
Ziegler CL (1985) Retrieval of thermal and microphysical variables in observed convective storms. Part 1: model development and preliminary testing. J Atmos Sci 42:1487–1509
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Li, X., Gao, S. (2016). Remote Sensing Applications. In: Cloud-Resolving Modeling of Convective Processes. Springer Atmospheric Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26360-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26360-1_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26358-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26360-1
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)