Skip to main content

Bayesian Fusion of Back Projected Probabilities (BFBP): Co-occurrence Descriptors for Tracking in Complex Environments

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems (ACIVS 2015)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 9386))

Abstract

Among the multitude of probabilistic tracking techniques, the Continuously Adaptive Mean Shift (CAMSHIFT) algorithm has been one of the most popular. Though several modifications have been proposed to the original formulation of CAMSHIFT, limitations still exist. In particular the algorithm underperforms when tracking textured and patterned objects. In this paper we generalize CAMSHIFT for the purposes of tracking such objects in non-stationary backgrounds. Our extension introduces a novel object modeling technique, while retaining a probabilistic back projection stage similar to the original CAMSHIFT algorithm, but with considerably more discriminative power. The object modeling now evolves beyond a single probability distribution to a more generalized joint density function on localized color patterns. In our framework, multiple co-occurrence density functions are estimated using information from several color channel combinations and these distributions are combined using an intuitive Bayesian approach. We validate our approach on several aerial tracking scenarios and demonstrate its improved performance over the original CAMSHIFT algorithm and one of its most successful variants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Arvis, V., et al.: Generalization of the cooccurrence matrix for colour images: application to colour texture classification. Image Analysis & Stereology 23, 63–72 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bradski, G.R.: Computer vision face tracking for use in a perceptual user interface. Intel Technology Journal (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cheng, Y.: Mean shift, mode seeking, and clustering. PAMI 17, 790–799 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Collins, R., Zhou, X., Teh, S.K.: An open source tracking testbed and evaluation web site. In: IEEE Intl. Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Comaniciu, D., Meer, P.: Robust analysis of feature spaces: color image segmentation. In: CVPR, pp. 750–755 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Exner, D., Bruns, E., Kurz, D., Grundhofer, A., Bimber, O.: Fast and robust CAMShift tracking. In: CVPR Workshop, pp. 9–16 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fukunaga, K.: Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition. Academic Press, Boston (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Allen, J.G., et. al.: Object tracking using CAMSHIFT algorithm and multiple quantized feature spaces. In: Proc. of the Pan-Sydney Area Wkshp on Visual Information Proc., pp. 3–7 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Tian, G., Hu, R., Wang, Z., Fu, Y.: Improved object tracking algorithm based on new HSV color probability model. In: Yu, W., He, H., Zhang, N. (eds.) ISNN 2009, Part II. LNCS, vol. 5552, pp. 1145–1151. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Ghazali, K., Ma, J., Xiao, R.: Driver’s face tracking based on improved CAMSHIFT. Intl. J. of Image Graphics and Signals Processing 5, 1–7 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Haber, R., Peter, A., et al. C.E.O.: A support vector machine for terrain classification in on-demand deployments of wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE Systems Conference (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Haralick, R., Shanmugam, K., Dinstein, I.: Textural features for image classification. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics 3, 610–621 (1973)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hidayatullah, P., Konik, H.: CAMSHIFT improvement on multi-hue object and multi-object tracking. In: 3rd European Workshop on Visual Information Processing, pp. 143–148 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, X., Chu, H., Li, P.: Research of the improved CAMSHIFT tracking algorithm. In: Intl. Conf. on Mechanical and Automation Engineering, pp. 968–972 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ning, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, D., Wu, C.: Robust object tracking using joint color-texture histogram. Intl. J. of PRIA 23, 1245–1263 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Nouar, O., Ali, G., Raphael, C.: Improved object tracking with CAMSHIFT algorithm. In: IEEE Intl. Conf. on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, pp. 11–14 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. See, A., Bin, K., Kang, L.Y.: Face detection and tracking utilizing enhanced CAMSHIFT model. Intl. J. of Innovative Computing Innovation and Control 3, 597–608 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Stolkin, R., et. al.: Efficient visual servoing with the ABCshift tracking algorithm. In: IEEE Intl. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pp. 3219–3224 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Xia, J., Wu, J., Zhai, H., Cuitis, Z.: Moving vehicle tracking based on double difference and CAMSHIFT. In: Proc. of the Intl. Symposium on Information Processing (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Yue, Y., Gao, Y., Zhang, X.: An improved CAMSHIFT based on dynamic background. In: 1st Intl. Conf. on Information Science and Engineering, pp. 1141–1144 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark Moyou .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Moyou, M. et al. (2015). Bayesian Fusion of Back Projected Probabilities (BFBP): Co-occurrence Descriptors for Tracking in Complex Environments. In: Battiato, S., Blanc-Talon, J., Gallo, G., Philips, W., Popescu, D., Scheunders, P. (eds) Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems. ACIVS 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9386. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25903-1_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25903-1_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-25902-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-25903-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics