Abstract
Urinary and fecal incontinence are the two principal disorders for which sacral nerve stimulation is an effective treatment. This treatment involves the application of electrical stimulation to the sacral nerves via an implantable system. The system consists of an electrode placed extradurally (outside the dura mater), close to the third sacral anterior nerve root (S3). Along with the electrode is stationed an implantable pulse generator (IPG). An extension cord connects the electrode to the generator. The rationale of the therapy is that the functioning of pelvic floor muscles supporting the bladder and bowel can be controlled by stimulating the sacral nerves electrically. It has been reported that moderately low amplitudes of the signal ~0–3.0 V suffice to provide relief. Within the advocated parameter limits (210 μs, 10–16 Hz), uninterrupted stimulation is practicable without evoking any sensation of pain.
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Khanna, V.K. (2016). Sacral Nerve Stimulation. In: Implantable Medical Electronics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25448-7_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25448-7_20
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