Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electron Accumulation in InN Thin Films and Nanowires

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Low-Dimensional and Nanostructured Materials and Devices

Part of the book series: NanoScience and Technology ((NANO))

Abstract

An overview on the electron accumulation layer on InN thin film and nanowire surfaces is provided. The interactions between the valence and conduction bands due to the narrow band gap and high electron density at the surface of these materials have a big influence on the electronic structure and the device performance of these materials. We first review the current understanding on the electron accumulation on InN thin films, pointing out the role of defects and dislocations on the unintentional n-type conductivity. Then we carry out detailed investigation on tuning the surface charge properties of InN nanowires depending on the growth process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. A.G. Bhuiyan, A. Hashimoto, A. Yamamoto, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 2779–2808 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. T.L. Tansley, C.P. Foley, J. Appl. Phys. 59, 3241–3244 (1986)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. V.Y. Davydov, A.A. Klochikhin, R.P. Seisyan, V.V. Emtsev, S.V. Ivanov, F. Bechstedt, J. Furthmuller, H. Harima, V. Mudryi, J. Aderhold, O. Semchinova, J. Graul, Phys. Status Solidi B 229, R1–R3 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Wu, W. Walukiewicz, K.M. Yu, J.W. Ager, E.E. Haller, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, Y. Saito, Y. Nanishi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 3967–3969 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. T. Matsuoka, H. Okamoto, M. Nakao, H. Harima, E. Kurimoto, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 1246–1248 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. J. Wu, W. Walukiewicz, K.M. Yu, J.W. Ager, E.E. Haller, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4741–4743 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. X.Q. Wang, S.T. Liu, N. Ma, L. Feng, G. Chen, F.J. Xu, N. Tang, S. Huang, K.J. Chen, S.Q. Zhou, B. Shen, Appl. Phys. Express 5, 015502 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. C.M. Yin, H.T. Yuan, X.Q. Wang, S.T. Liu, S. Zhang, N. Tang, F.J. Xu, Z.Y. Chen, H. Shimotani, Y. Iwasa, Y.H. Chen, W.K. Ge, B. Shen, Nano Lett. 13, 2024–2029 (2013)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. H. Ahn, Y.J. Yeh, Y.L. Hong, S. Gwo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 232104 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. H. Lüth, Surfaces and Interfaces of Solids (Springer, Berlin, 1993)

    Google Scholar 

  11. P.Y. Yu, M. Cardona, Fundamentals of Semiconductors (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  12. R.T. Tung, Mat Sci Eng R 35, 1–138 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  13. I. Mahboob, T.D. Veal, C.F. McConville, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 036804 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Mahboob, T.D. Veal, L.F.J. Piper, C.F. McConville, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, J. Furthmuller, F. Bechstedt, Phys. Rev. B 69, 201307(R) (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, L.F. Eastman, C.E. Stutz, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 1736–1738 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. K.A. Rickert, A.B. Ellis, F.J. Himpsel, H. Lu, W. Schaff, J.M. Redwing, F. Dwikusuma, T.F. Kuech, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 3254–3256 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. T.D. Veal, L.F.J. Piper, M.R. Phillips, M.H. Zareie, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, C.F. McConville, Phys. Status Solidi A 203, 85–92 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. C. Stampfl, C.G. Van de Walle, D. Vogel, P. Krüger, J Pollmann Phys. Rev. B 61, 7846–7849 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. L.Ö. Olsson, C.B.M. Andersson, M.C. Håkansson, J. Kanski, L. Ilver, U.O. Karlsson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3626–3629 (1996)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. V.Y. Aristov, V.M. Zhilin, C. Grupp, A. Taleb-Ibrahimi, H.J. Kim, P.S. Mangat, P. Soukiassian, G. Le Lay, Appl. Surf. Sci. 166, 263–267 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. G. Abstreiter, R. Huber, G. Trankle, B. Vinter, Solid State Commun. 47, 651–654 (1983)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. L. Colakerol, L.F.J. Piper, A. Fedorov, T.C. Chen, T.D. Moustakas, K.E. Smith, EPL (Europhysics Letters) 83, 47003 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. L.F.J. Piper, L. Colakerol, T. Learmonth, P.A. Glans, K.E. Smith, F. Fuchs, J. Furthmueller, F. Bechstedt, T.C. Chen, T.D. Moustakas, J.H. Guo, Phys. Rev. B 76, 245204 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. K. Ortner, X.C. Zhang, A. Pfeuffer-Jeschke, C.R. Becker, G. Landwehr, L.W. Molenkamp, Phys. Rev. B 66, 075322 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. R.K. Hayden, D.K. Maude, L. Eaves, E.C. Valadares, M. Henini, F.W. Sheard, O.H. Hughes, J.C. Portal, L. Cury, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 1749–1752 (1991)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. J. Bhattacharyya, S. Ghosh, Physica status solidia (a) 204, 439–446 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. A. Delimitis, P. Komninou, G.P. Dimitrakopulos, T. Kehagias, J. Kioseoglou, T. Karakostas, G. Nouet, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 061920 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. T. Bottcher, S. Einfeldt, S. Figge, R. Chierchia, H. Heinke, D. Hommel, J.S. Speck, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 1976–1978 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. T.C.P. Chen, C. Thomidis, J. Abell, W. Li, T.D. Moustakas, J. Cryst. Growth 288, 254–260 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. V. Darakchieva, K. Lorenz, N.P. Barradas, E. Alves, B. Monemar, M. Schubert, N. Franco, C.L. Hsiao, L.C. Chen, W.J. Schaff, L.W. Tu, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Nanishi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 081907 (2010)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. E. Kalesaki, J. Kioseoglou, L. Lymperakis, P. Komninou, T. Karakostas, Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 072103 (2011)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. N. Miller, E.E. Haller, G. Koblmuller, C. Gallinat, J.S. Speck, W.J. Schaff, M.E. Hawkridge, K.M. Yu, J.W. Ager, Phys. Rev. B 84, 075315 (2011)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. V. Cimalla, V. Lebedev, F.M. Morales, R. Goldhahn, O. Ambacher, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 172109 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. T. Nagata, G. Koblmuller, O. Bierwagen, C.S. Gallinat, J.S. Speck, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 132104 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. D. Segev, C.G. Van de Walle, Europhys. Lett. 76, 305–311 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. L. Colakerol, T.D. Veal, H.K. Jeong, L. Plucinski, A. DeMasi, T. Learmonth, P.A. Glans, S.C. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, L.F.J. Piper, P.H. Jefferson, A. Fedorov, T.C. Chen, T.D. Moustakas, C.F. McConville, K.E. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 237601 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Y.H. Lai, C.T. Yeh, J.M. Hwang, H.L. Hwang, C.T. Chen, W.H. Hung, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 10029–10036 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  38. S. Krischok, V. Yanev, O. Balykov, M. Himmerlich, J.A. Schaefer, R. Kosiba, G. Ecke, I. Cimalla, V. Cimalla, O. Ambacher, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, L.F. Eastman, Surf. Sci. 566, 849–855 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. E.O. Kane, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 1, 249–261 (1957)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. K.H. Bevan, M.S. Hossain, Semicond. Sci. Tech. 27, 105029 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. B.R. Nag, Springer, Berlin, (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  42. W. Walukiewicz, J.W. Ager, K.M. Yu, Z. Liliental-Weber, J. Wu, S.X. Li, R.E. Jones, J.D. Denlinger, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 39, R83–R99 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. C.L. Wu, H.M. Lee, C.T. Kuo, C.H. Chen, S. Gwo, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 106803 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. C.G. Van de Walle, D. Segev, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 081704 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. P.D.C. King, T.D. Veal, C.S. Gallinat, G. Koblmuller, L.R. Bailey, J.S. Speck, C.F. McConville, J. Appl. Phys. 104, 103703 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. Y. Ishitani, M. Fujiwara, X. Wang, S.B. Che, A. Yoshikawa, Appl Phys Lett, 92 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  47. G.F. Brown, J.W. Ager, W. Walukiewicz, W.J. Schaff, J. Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 262105 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. V. Lebedev, V. Cimalla, T. Baumann, O. Ambacher, F.M. Morales, J.G. Lozano, D. Gonzalez, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 094903 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. T. Stoica, R. Meijers, R. Calarco, T. Richter, H. Luth, J. Cryst. Growth 290, 241–247 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. S. Zhao, O. Salehzadeh, S. Alagha, K.L. Kavanagh, S.P. Watkins, Z. Mi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 073102 (2013)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. B.H. Le, S.R. Zhao, N.H. Tran, Z.T. Mi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 231124 (2014)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. E. Calleja, J. Grandal, M.A. Sanchez-Garcia, M. Niebelschutz, V. Cimalla, O. Ambacher, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 262110 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. R.S. Chen, T.H. Yang, H.Y. Chen, L.C. Chen, K.H. Chen, Y.J. Yang, C.H. Su, C.R. Lin, Nanotechnology 22, 425702 (2011)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. O. Ambacher, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 31, 2653–2710 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. F. Bernardini, V. Fiorentini, D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B 56, 10024–10027 (1997)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. T. Richter, H. Luth, T. Schapers, R. Meijers, K. Jeganathan, S.E. Hernandez, R. Calarco, M. Marso, Nanotechnology 20, 405206 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  57. F. Werner, F. Limbach, M. Carsten, C. Denker, J. Malindretos, A. Rizzi, Nano Lett. 9, 1567–1571 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. D.R. Khanal, W. Walukiewicz, J. Grandal, E. Calleja, J. Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 173114 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. T. Stoica, R.J. Meijers, R. Calarco, T. Richter, E. Sutter, H. Luth, Nano Lett. 6, 1541–1547 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. S. Lazic, E. Gallardo, J.M. Calleja, F. Agullo-Rueda, J. Grandal, M.A. Sanchez-Garcia, E. Calleja, E. Luna, A. Trampert, Phys. Rev. B 76, 205319 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. E.O. Schafer-Nolte, T. Stoica, T. Gotschke, F.A. Limbach, E. Sutter, P. Sutter, D. Grutzmacher, R. Calarco, Nanotechnology 21 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  62. S. Zhao, S. Fathololoumi, K.H. Bevan, D.P. Liu, M.G. Kibria, Q. Li, G.T. Wang, H. Guo, Z. Mi, Nano Lett. 12, 2877–2882 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. S. Zhao, Z. Mi, M.G. Kibria, Q. Li, G.T. Wang, Phys. Rev. B 85, 245313 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. S.R. Zhao, Z.T. Mi, B.H. Le, Gallium Nitride Materials and Devices IX 8986, 898617 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  65. Y.J. Bai, Z.G. Liu, X.G. Xu, D.L. Cui, X.P. Hao, X. Feng, Q.L. Wang, J. Cryst. Growth 241, 189–192 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. Z.H. Lan, W.M. Wang, C.L. Sun, S.C. Shi, C.W. Hsu, T.T. Chen, K.H. Chen, C.C. Chen, Y.F. Chen, L.C. Chen, J. Cryst. Growth 269, 87–94 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. J. Zhang, L. Zhang, X.S. Peng, X.F. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. 12, 802–804 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  68. X.Q. Wang, S.B. Che, Y. Ishitani, A. Yoshikawa, Physica Status Solidi C—Curr. Topics Solid State Phys. 3(6), 1561–1565 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. Y.L. Chang, F. Li, A. Fatehi, Z.T. Mi, Nanotechnology 20, 345203 (2009)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. J.H. Chai, T.H. Myers, Y.W. Song, R.J. Reeves, W.M. Linhart, R.J.H. Morris, T.D. Veal, M.G. Dowsett, C.F. McConville, S.M. Durbin, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 30, 02b124 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  71. J.H. Chai, Y.W. Song, R.J. Reeves, S.M. Durbin, Phys. Status Solidi A 209, 95–99 (2012)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. M.A. Mayer, S. Choi, O. Bierwagen, H.M. Smith, E.E. Haller, J.S. Speck, W. Walukiewicz, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 123707 (2011)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. I. Wilke, Ultrafast Phenom. Semicond. Nanostruct. Mater. XIV, 76001 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  74. J.W. Ager, N. Miller, R.E. Jones, K.M. Yu, J. Wu, W.J. Schaff, W. Walukiewicz, Physica Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys. 245, 873–877 (2008)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. P.D.C. King, T.D. Veal, P.H. Jefferson, C.F. McConville, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, Phys. Rev. B 75, 115312 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. J.W. Ager, K.M. Yu, R.E. Jones, D.M. Yamaguchi, S.X. Li, W. Walukiewicz, E.E. Haller, H. Lu, W.J. Schaff, AIP Conf. Proc. 893, 343–344 (2007)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. K.M. Tracy, W.J. Mecouch, R.F. Davis, R.J. Nemanich, J. Appl. Phys. 94, 3163–3172 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. S. Zhao, B.H. Le, D.P. Liu, X.D. Liu, M.G. Kibria, T. Szkopek, H. Guo, Z. Mi, Nano Lett. 13, 5509–5513 (2013)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Thank Asst. Prof. L.F.J. Piper and Prof. T.D. Moustakas for their contributions to this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey

    L. Colakerol Arslan

  2. Department of Physics, Boston University, 02215, Boston, MA, USA

    K. E. Smith

  3. School of Chemical Sciences, The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, The University of Auckland, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand

    K. E. Smith

Authors
  1. L. Colakerol Arslan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. E. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. Colakerol Arslan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Science and Letters,, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye

    Hilmi Ünlü

  2. Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA

    Norman J. M. Horing

  3. Leibniz-Inst. für innovative Mikroelektr, Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP) GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany

    Jaroslaw Dabrowski

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Colakerol Arslan, L., Smith, K.E. (2016). Electron Accumulation in InN Thin Films and Nanowires. In: Ünlü, H., Horing, N.J.M., Dabrowski, J. (eds) Low-Dimensional and Nanostructured Materials and Devices. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25340-4_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation