Abstract
The role of inflammation in prostate disease is still an open debate. Inflammation seems to play a role in the damage of prostatic tissue leading to molecular and histological changes with a remodeling of prostate tissue. These are probably the first steps toward neoplastic degeneration (Boehm K, Valdivieso R, Meskawi M, Larcher A, Schiffmann J, Sun M, Graefen M, Saad F, Parent ME, Karakiewicz PI (2015) Prostatitis, other genitourinary infections and prostate cancer: results from a population based case control study. World J Urol [Epub ahead of print]). Moreover, chronic inflammation and infections are related to the development of various human neoplasms, such as gastric carcinoma and Schistosoma haematobium-related bladder carcinoma. Inflammation and infection probably contribute to prostate carcinogenesis by causing cell and genome damage and thereby increasing cell proliferation (De Nunzio C et al (2011) The controversial relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: the role of inflammation. Eur Urol 60(1):106–117). In summary, infectious prostatitis might have a causative role in the complex and multifactorial process of prostate degeneration and prostate carcinogenesis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ficarra V, Rossanese M, Zazzara M, GIannarini G, Abbinante M, Bartoletti R, Mirone V, Scaglione F (2014) The role of prostatic inflammation in low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and its potential impact on medical therapy. Curr Urol Rep 15(12):463
Roehrborn CG (2008) BPH progression: concept and key learning from MTOPS, ALTESS, COMBAT, and ALF-ONE. BJU Int 101(Suppl 3):17–21
Nickel JC, Roherborn CG, O’Leary MP, Bostwick DG, Somerville MC, Rittmaster RS (2008) The relationship between prostate inflammation and lower urinary tract symptoms: examination of baseline data from the REDUCE trial. Eur Urol 54(6):1379–1384
Gandaglia G, Briganti A, Gontero P, Mondaini N, Novara G, Salonia A, Sciarra A, Montorsi F (2013) The role of chronic prostatic inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BJU Int 112(4):432–441
Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, Joniau S, van der Kwast T, Mason M, Matveev V, Wiegel T, Zattoni F, Mottet N (2013). EAU guidelines on prostate cancer, part 1: screening, diagnosis and local treatment with curative intent-update. Eur Urol 65(1):124–37
Sampson N, Untergasser G, Plas E, Berger P (2007) The ageing male reproductive tract. J Pathol 211(2):206–218
Shah R, Mucci NR, Amin A, Macoska JA, Rubin MA (2001) Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate gland: neoplastic precursor or innocent bystander? Am J Pathol 158(5):1767–1773
Wagenlehner FME, Elkahwaji JE, Algaba F, Bjerklund-Johansen T, Naber KG, Hartung R, Weidner W (2007) The role of inflammation and infection in the pathogenesis of prostate carcinoma. BJU Int 100(4):733–737
Xu J, Zheng SL, Komiya A et al (2003) Common sequence variants of the macrophage scavenger receptor 1 gene are associated with prostate cancer risk. Am J Hum Genet 72(1):208–212
Zheng SL, Augustsson-Balter K, Chang B et al (2004) Sequence variants of toll-like receptor 4 are associated with prostate cancer risk: results from the Cancer Prostate in Sweden Study. Cancer Res 64:2918–2922
Krieger JN, Riley DE, Vesella RL, Miner DC, Ross SO, Lange PH (2000) Bacterial DNA sequences in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer and chronic prostatitis. J Urol 164(4):1221–1228
Nickel JC, Downey J, Hunter D, Clark J (2001) Prevalence of prostatitis-like symptoms in a population based study using the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index. J Urol 165(3):842–845
Hochreiter WW, Duncan JL, Schaeffer AJ (2000) Evaluation of the bacterial flora of the prostate using a 16S rRNA gene based polymerase chain reaction. J Urol 163(1):127–130
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pisano, F. (2016). The Contribution of Prostate Infection and Inflammation to BPH and Cancer. In: Cai, T., Bjerklund Johansen, T. (eds) Prostatitis and Its Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25175-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25175-2_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-25173-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-25175-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)