Abstract
The beginning of the Tertiary era witnessed submergence of the entire margin of the Peninsular India under water of a transgressive sea that also engulfed the foreland of the young Himalaya (Chap. 19). As a matter of fact, the Himalayan Foreland Basin (Sirmaur Basin) extended southwards through the Bengal Basin in the east and the Makran depression in the west. The sediments deposited in these extended pericratonic Tertiary basins make the continental shelves in the eastern and western seaboards of the Peninsular India (Fig. 20.1).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Alimohammadian, H., Sahai, H., Patnaik, R., Rana, R. S., & Singh, H. (2005). First record of an exceptionally diverse and well-preserved amber-bedded biota from lower Eocene (~52 Ma) lignites, Vastan, Gujarat. Current Science, 89, 1328–1330.
Armstrong-Altrin, J. S., Lee, Y. I., Verma, S. P., & Ramasamy, S. (2004). Geochemistry of sandstones from the Upper Miocene Kundankulam Formation, southern India: Implication for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 74, 285–297.
Bajpai, S., Kapur, V. V., Das, D. P., Tiwari, B. N., Saravanan, N., & Sharma, R. (2005). Early Eocene land mammals from Vastan lignite mine, district Surat (Gujarat, West India). Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 50(101–113), 147–151.
Banerji, V., Mittal, A. K., Gupta, A. K., Balyan, A. K., & Chaudhary, D. R. (1991). On the origin of hydrocarbon reservoired in Bombay High: Stable isotopic studies of natural gases. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Science, 5, 339–343.
Banerjee, A., Pahari, S., Jha, M., Sinha, A. K., Jain, A. K., Kumar, N., et al. (2002). The effective source rocks in the Cambay Basin, India. Bulletin American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 86, 433–456.
Basu, D. N., Banerjee, A., & Tamhane, D. M. (1982). Facies distribution and petroleum geology of Bombay Offshore Basin, India. Journal of Petroleum Geologists, 5, 57–75.
Bhandari, L. L., & Chowdhary, L. R. (1975). Stratigraphic analysis of Khadi and Kalol Formations, Cambay Basin, India. Bulletin American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 59, 856–871.
Bhatt, N. (2000). Lithostratigraphy of the Neogene-Quaternary deposits of Dwarka-Okha area, Gujarat. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 55, 139–148.
Biswas, S.K. (1973). Time stratigraphic classification of the Tertiary rocks of Kutch—A revision and amendments. Quaternary Journal of Geological Mining Metallurgical Society India, 44.
Biswas, S. K. (1987). Regional tectonic framework, structure and evolution of the western marginal basins of India. Tectonophysics, 135, 307–327.
Biswas, S. K. (1992). Tertiary stratigraphy of Kutch. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 37, 1–29.
Biswas, S. K., & Deshpande, S. V. (1983). Geology and hydrocarbon prospects of Kutch, Saurashtra and Narmada basin. In: L. L. Bhandari, et al. (Eds.), Petroliferous Basins of India (pp. 111–126). Dehradun: KDM Institute of Petroleum Exploration.
Biswas, S. K., & Raju, D. S. N. (1973). The rock stratigraphic classification of the Tertiary sediments of Kutch. Bulletin ONGC, 10, 37–46.
Chandra, P. K., & Chowdhary, L. R. (1969). Stratigraphy of the Cambay Basin. Bulletin ONGC, 6, 37–50.
Curiale, J. A., Covington, G. C., Shamsuddin, A. H. K., Morelos, J. A., & Shamsuddin, A. K. (2002). Origin of petroleum in Bangladesh. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 86, 625–652.
Hardas, M. G., & Biswas, S. K. (1973). Palaeogene sediments from southwestern Kutch, Gujarat. Bulletin ONGC, 10, 47–54.
Jacob, K., & Sastry, V. V. (1952). Miocene foraminifers from Chavara, near Quilon, Travancore. Record Geological Survey of India, 82, 342–353.
Jagannathan, C. R., Ratnam, C., Baishya, N. C., & Dasgupta, U. (1983). Geology of the offshore Mahanadi Basin. In: L. L. Bhandari, et al. (Eds.), Petroliferous Basins of India (pp. 101–104). Dehradun: KDM Institute of Petroleum Explortion.
Jaiprakash, B. C., Singh, J., & Raju, D. S. N. (1993). Foraminiferal events across K/T boundary and age of Deccan volcanism in Palakollu area, Krishna-Godavari Basin, India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 41, 105–118.
Kalia, P. (1978). Buliminids from Middle Eocene of Rajasthan, India. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 21–22, 44–48.
Kalia, P., & Banerjee, A. (1991). Pellatispira-bearing Upper Eocene subcrops in Tanot-I well, northwest of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, and their significance. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 38, 76–81.
Kalia, P., & Banerjee, A. (1995). Occurrence of the genus Eoconuloides Cole and Bermudez 1944 in Rajasthan, India and its palaeobiogeographic significance. Micropalaeontology, 41, 187–194.
Khosla, S. C. (1973). Stratigraphy and microfauna of the Eocene beds of Rajasthan. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 14, 142–152.
Kumaran, K. P. N., Soman, K., Kamble, C. V., & Joseph, A. (1995). Palynological analysis of sections from Bharathi and Kundara clay mines, Kerala Basin: Palaeoecological and tectonic perspective. Current Science, 69, 1023–1027.
Lal, N. K., Garg, A., Harinder, P., Rawat, S., & Dirghangi, R. S. (1995). Rifting and drifting of Indian plate, its effect on tectonics and sedimentation in the eastern part of the Bombay Offshore Basin, India. In Proceedings of the 1st International Petroleum Conference. Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation, pp. 485–495.
Majumdar, S. K., Basu, B., Shivashankar, J., Arunachalam, A., & Rangaraju, M. K. (1995). Palakollu–Pasarlapudi petroleum system, Krishna–Godavari basin, India. In Proceedings of the Petrotech-5: Technology Trends in Petroleum Industry. New Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation, pp. 495–508.
Mathur, U. B., & Mathur, A. K. (1998). A Neogene flora from Bikaner, Rajasthan. Journal of Geoscience, 19, 129–142.
Mathur, L. P., Rao, K. L. N., & Chaube, A. N. (1968). Tectonic framework of Cambay Basin. Bulletin ONGC, 5, 7–28.
Menon, K. K. (1967). The lithology and sequence of Quilon Beds. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, 65, 20–25.
Merh, S. S. (1993). Neogene-Quaternary sequence in Gujarat: A review. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 41, 259–276.
Merh, S. S. (1995). Geology of Gujarat. Bangalore: Geological Society of India. 222 p.
Mitra, P., Zutshi, P. L., Chaurasia, R. A., Chugh, M. L., Ananthanarayanan, S., & Shukla, B. (1983). Exploration in western offshore basins. In: L. L. Bhandari, et al. (Eds.), Petroliferous Basins of India (pp. 15–24). Dehradun: K.D.M. Institute of Petrolleum Exploration.
Mohan, M. (1982). Palaeogene stratigraphy of western India. In: Special Publication of the Palaeontological Society of India, 1, 21–36.
Mohan, M. (1995). Cambay Basin—a promise of oil and gas potential. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 40, 41–47.
Mohan, M., & Kumar, P. (1980). Biostratigraphy of Kerala Offshore. Journal of Geoscience, 1, 1–9.
Mohan, M., & Soodan, K. S. (1970). Middle Eocene planktonic foraminiferal zonation of Kutch, India. Micropalaeontology, 16, 37–46.
Mohan, M., Kumar, P., & Narayanan, V. (1977). Palaeocene-Eocene boundary in Cauvery Basin. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 18, 401–411.
Nair, K. M., Singh, N. K., Ram, J., Gavarshetty, L. P., & Balamuralikrishnan, B. (1992). Stratigraphy and sedimentation of Bombay Offshore basin. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 40, 415–442.
Narain, H., Kaila, K. L., & Verma, R. K. (1968). Continental margin of India. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 5, 1051–1065.
Padmalal, D. (1996). Sedimentary structures and textures of the Warkalli sandstone (Mio-Pliocene) at Cherunniyoor, Kerala. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 48, 403–407.
Pandey, J. (1982). Chronostratigraphic correlation of the Neogene sedimentaries of western Indian shelf, Himalayas and Upper Assam. In: Special Publication of Palaeontological Society of India, 1, 95–129.
Pandey, O. P., & Agrawal, P. K. (2000). Thermal regime, hydrocarbon maturation and geodynamic events along the western margin of India since Cretaceous. Journal of Geodynamics, 30, 439–459.
Pandey, J., & Dave, A. (1996). Early Palaeogene smaller benthic foraminifera of Indian basins. In Proceedings of 15th Colloquialism Micropalaentology stratigraphy. Dehradun, pp. 99–110.
Pandey, J., & Dave, Alok. (1998). Stratigraphy of Indian Petroliferous Basins (p. 248). Dona Paula: National Institute of Oceanography.
Paulose, K. V., & Narayanaswami, S. (1968). The Tertiaries of Kerala coast. Memoirs of the Geological Society of India, 2, 300–308.
Prabhakar, K. N., & Zutshi, P. L. (1993). Evolution of southern part of Indian East Coast basins. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 41, 215–230.
Prasad, B., & Pundir, B. S. (1999). Biostratigraphy of the exposed Gondwana and Cretaceous rock of Krishna-Godavari basin, India. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 44, 91–117.
Punekar, J., & Saraswati, P. K. (2010). Age of the Vatsan Lignite in context of some oldest Cenozoic fossil mammals from India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 76, 63–68.
Raha, P. K., Rajendran, C. P., & Kar, R. K. (1986). Eocene palynofossils from the subcrop of Kerala. Bulletin of the Geological Mining Metallurgical Society of India, 54, 227–232.
Raju, A. T. R. (1968). Geological evolution of Assam and Cambay Tertiary basins of India. Bulletin American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 12, 2422–2437.
Raju, A. T. R. (1975). Depositional environments of the oil-bearing Eocene sands on Ankaleshwar field, Cambay Basin. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 18, 165–176.
Raju, A. T. R., & Srinivasan, S. (1983). More hydrocarbon from well-explored Cambay Basin. In: L. L. Bhandari, et al. (Eds.), Petroliferous Basins of India (pp. 25–35). Dehradun: K.D.M. Institute of Petroleum Exploration.
Rana, R. S., Kumar, K., Singh, H., & Rose, K. D. (2005). Lower vertebrates from the Late Palaeocene-Earliest Eocene Akli Formation, Giral Lignite Mine, Barmer district, western India. Current Science, 89, 1606–1612.
Rao, K. L. N. (1969). Lithostratigraphy of the Palaeogene succession of southern Cambay Basin. Bulletin ONGC, 6, 24–37.
Rao, G. N. (2001). Sedimentation, stratigraphy, and petroleum potential of Krishna-Godavari basins, East Coast of India. Bulletin American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 85, 1623–1643.
Rao, G. N. (2002). Petroleum geology: Krishna-Godavari Basin. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 60, 705–706.
Rao, R. P., & Talukdar, S. N. (1980). Petroleum geology of Bombay High Field, India. In: M. T. Halbouty (Ed.), Giant Oil And Gas Fields of the Decade (pp. 1968–1978). Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists.
Roybarman, A. (1983). Geology and hydrocarbon prospects of West Bengal. Journal of the Petroleum Asia, 6, 51–56.
Roybarman, A. (1992). Geological history and hydrocarbon exploration in Bengal Basin, India. Journal of Geology, 64, 235–238.
Sahni, A., & Mishra, V. P. (1975). Lower Tertiary vertebrates from western India. Monograph Palaeontological Society of India, 3, 1–48.
Sahni, A., Saraswati, P. K., Rana, R. S., Kumar, K., Singh, H., Alimohammadian, H., et al. (2006). Temporal constraints and depositional palaeoenvironments of the Vastan Lignite sequence, Gujarat: Analogy for the Cambay Shale hydrocarbon source rocks. Indian Journal of Petroleum Geologists, 15, 1–20.
Samanta, B. K. (1973). On the age of the Pondicherry Formation of Madras, S. India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 14, 289–295.
Sarangi, S., Sarkar, A., Bhattacharya, S. K., & Ray, A. K. (1998). Isotopic evidence of a rapid cooling and continuous sedimentation across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary of Wagapadhar and Waior, Kutch. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 51, 245–248.
Saraswati, P. K., & Ramesh, R. (1992). Eocene-Oligocene stable isotope stratigraphy of Kutch. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 39, 427–432.
Saraswati, P. K., Ramesh, R., & Navada, S. V. (1993). Palaeogene isotopic temperature of western India. Letheia, 26, 89–98.
Sarkar, A., Sarangi, S., Bhattacharya, S. K., & Ray, A. K. (2003a). Carbon isotope across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary sequence of Kutch, western India: Implications to oceanic productivity and CO2 change. Geophysical Reseach Letters, 30, 1–4.
Sarkar, A., Yoshioka, H., Ebihara, M., & Naraoka, H. (2003b). Geochemical and organic carbon isotope studies across the continental Permo-Triassic boundary of Raniganj basin, eastern India. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 191, 1–14.
Sharma, D. D. (2003). Review of Coal resources in India and their exploitation stratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 61, 387–402.
Siddique, H. N., & Bahl, D. P. (1965). Geology of the bentonite deposits of Barmer district, Rajasthan. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, 96, 1–96.
Siddique, H. N., & Sukeshwala, R. N. (1976). Occurrence of rhyolitic tuff at deep sea drilling project site 219 on the Laccadive Ridge. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 17, 539–546.
Singh, S. N. (1951). Kirthar foraminifera from Rajasthan. Current Science, 20, 230–232.
Singh, S. N. (1953). Geology of the area WSW of Marh village near Kolyat, Bikaner, Rajasthan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 23, 13–20.
Singh, M. P. (1996). Mesozoic–Tertiary biostratigraphy and biogeochronological dalum planes in Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan. In: J. Pandey, R. J. Azmi, A. Bhandari & A. Dave (Eds.), Contrs XV Indian Colloq Micropal Strat. Dehradun: KDMIPE and WIHG Publication.
Singh, B. P. (2000). Sediment dispersal pattern in the Murree Group of the Jammu area, NW Himalaya, India. Himalayan Geology, 21, 189–200.
Singh, P., & Singh, M. P. (1986). Late Middle Eocene calcareous nannoplanktons from Babia Hill, Kutch, Gujarat. Journal of Geoscience, 8, 145–162.
Singh, P., Rastogi, K. K., & Vimal, K. P. (1978). Late Eocene calcareous nanoplanktons from Tarkeshwar, Surat-Bharoach area, Gujarat. Journal of Palaeontological Society of India, 21–22, 1–12.
Singh, S. K., Kishore, S., Misra, P. K., Jauhari, A. K., & Gupta, A. (2010). Middle Eocene calcarious algae from southwestern Kachchh, Gujarat. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 75, 749–759.
Singhal, J., Singh, N. P., & Lys, M. (1971). Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the Jaisalmer area. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 1, 190–194.
Soodan, K. S. (1980). Fossil Holothuroidea from the Eocene rocks of Bikaner, Rajasthan. Journal of Geoscience, 1, 11–12.
Sudhakar, R., & Basu, D. N. (1973). A reappraisal of the Palaeogene stratigraphy of southern Cambay Basin. Bulletin ONGC, 10, 55–76.
Tandon, K. K., Mathur, V. K., & Saxena, R. K. (1980). Paleocene-Early Eocene biostratigraphy in Nareda, southwestern Kutch, western India. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India, 23–24, 86–91.
Tewari, H. C., Dixit, M. M., & Sarkar, D. (1995). Relationship of the Cambay rift basin to the Deccan volcanism. Journal of Geodynamics, 20, 85–95.
Varadarajan, K., & Madhavan Nair, K. (1978). Stratigraphy and structure of Kerala Tertiary basin. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 19, 217–220.
Viswanath, S. N. (1997). A Hundred Years of OIL. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. 175 p.
Wadia, D. N. (1975). Geology of India (p. 508). New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.
Wahi, S., Tandon, S. K., & Sharma, U. (1991). Lithofacies analysis, benthic foraminifers and depositional environments of the Chhasra Member: A transgressive tide and storm-affected Early Miocene sequence in Kachchh, India. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 38, 119–149.
Wani, M. R., & Kundu, J. (1995). Tectonostratigraphic analysis in Cambay rift basin: Leads for future exploration. In Proceedings of the 1st International Petroleum Conference. Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation, pp. 147–174.
Wicander, R., & Monroe, J. S. (2000). Historical geology: Evolution of earth and life through time (4th ed., p. 427 p). Thompson, USA: Books/Cole.
Zubov, I. P., Naugolny, I. K., Zapivalov, N. P., & Chandra, P. K. (1966). Problem of correlation and distribution of hydrocarbon-bearing horizons in the Eocene of Cambay Basin. Bulletin ONGC, 3, 9–13.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Valdiya, K.S. (2016). Tertiary Basins: Along Coasts and Offshore. In: The Making of India . Society of Earth Scientists Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25029-8_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25029-8_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-25027-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-25029-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)