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Space and Time Visualisation pp 19–34Cite as

The Natural, Anthropogenic, and Cultural Landscape Between Space and Time. Case Study: The Lost Gardens of Bucharest

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Abstract

This study aims at promoting the research methodologies applied in landscape studies in all their quasi-natural, urban anthropogenic and cultural and historical components and on all research scales (at a macro-territorial, mezzo-territorial, or detail level). The study materialized in a series of case studies decrypted as being evolution research that focused on the serious issues of the loss and destruction of the cultural landscape heritage and of the decrease of green areas, of public spaces, and of valuable urban landscapes in Bucharest, Romania, especially in the context of historical evolution, including the communist and post-communist, transition period.

The project was conducted by studying historical records from the past until the present day, by using a transdisciplinary and multicriteria approach (Crăciun Metode de Abordare si Cercetare Exploratorii in Urbanism si Peisagistică. Epistemologia și Transdisciplinaritatea – Instrumente de cercetare a Peisajului Natural, Antropic și Cultural [Exploratory methods of approach and research in urban planning and landscape studies. Epistemology and transdisciplinarity – instruments in researching the natural, anthropogenic and cultural landscape], “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture Publishing House, Bucharest (2012)) and by overlapping historical, urban, and architectural layers and elements, by overlaying genius-loci and material and immaterial cultural landscape elements and by converging social, demographic, legislative, anthropological, linguistic, and archival components.

The research is based on the study of historical gardens that have totally or partially disappeared and that have a symbolic value and a coagulating function within the urban space and within the immaterial cultural landscape (traditions, general and local customs, etc.). The project highlights the expansion, development, and especially the decrease, destruction, and elimination of the landscape heritage and green areas, as well as of the urban-community areas in the last decades, by analyzing what has existed until present times with the purpose of achieving a balance in the time/space relationship within the landscape.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The legend was picked up by other documents such as the monograph done in 1820 by the British Consul William Wilkinson.

  2. 2.

    See also the definition of landscape as “an area, as perceived by people, whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors,” according to the European Landscape Convention in Florence, on October 20, 2000, ratified by Law no. 451/8 July 2002.

  3. 3.

    See also the Exhibition Project – Palatul Sutu and the Lost Gardens of Bucharest (March–July 2015; currently in progress at the time of writing this chapter), organized by the author of this chapter in partnership with the Museum of Bucharest between March and June, 2015, as well as the Lost Gardens Project done by this author as a result of winning the selection contest for cultural projects organized by the Union of Romanian Architects in December–January 2010.

  4. 4.

    Among some of the historical plans used to support this research we include: Plan 1770, Plan Bukurest – F Ernst (1791), Borroczyn plan (1846), Alexander Nicolaevitz plan (1871), Guide to Bucharest and Its Surroundings – Fredi Wahnig (1934), Plan of the Army’s Geographic Institute (1911), New Plan of the City of Bucharest (1920), Regulatory Plan (1935–1938), Topographic Plan of Bucharest (1989), satellite plans (after 2000).

  5. 5.

    See website: www.gradinipierdute.ro

  6. 6.

    Promoted at the beginning of the twentieth century by Cincinat Sfinţescu (1887–1955), considered to be the founding father of urbanism in Romania.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning, 18-20, Academiei Street, 010014, Bucharest, Romania

    Cerasella Crăciun

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  1. Cerasella Crăciun
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Correspondence to Cerasella Crăciun .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. "Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Bucharest, Romania

    Maria Boştenaru Dan

  2. Urban and Landscape Design, "Ion Mincu" University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Bucharest, Romania

    Cerasella Crăciun

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Crăciun, C. (2016). The Natural, Anthropogenic, and Cultural Landscape Between Space and Time. Case Study: The Lost Gardens of Bucharest. In: Boştenaru Dan, M., Crăciun, C. (eds) Space and Time Visualisation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24942-1_2

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