Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Treatment Options, Timing and Sequencing: Orthodontics

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Esthetic and Functional Management of Diastema

  • 1667 Accesses

Abstract

The treatment of diastema either by orthodontics, restorative dentistry, periodontology or a combination of these disciplines should be focused on the aetiological factors, patient needs, aesthetics and stable results. Identification of the aetiological factors and consideration of the dentofacial characteristics of the patient are essential for the appropriate therapy. Following diagnosis and individualised treatment planning, satisfactory treatment outcomes can be achieved with different orthodontic mechanics and approaches. This chapter will present management of spacing with orthodontics alone or as a part of interdisciplinary treatment depending on the causative factors. The timing and sequencing of the orthodontic treatment and retention protocol at the end of therapy will also be explained.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Taylor JE. Clinical observations relating to the normal and abnormal frenum labii superioris. Am J Orthod Oral Surg. 1939;25:255–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Gardiner JH. Midline spaces. Dent Pract. 1987;17:287–98.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Weyman J. The incidence of median diastema during the eruption of the permanent teeth. Dent Pract. 1987;17:276–98.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Shashua D, Artun J. Relapse after orthodontic correction of maxillary median diastema: a follow-up evaluation of consecutive cases. Angle Orthod. 1999;69:257–63.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Sheridan JJ, Armbruster P. Clear plastic appliances for retention and tooth movement. In: Graber TM, Vanarsdall Jr RL, Vig KWL, editors. Orthodontics: current principles and techniques. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2005. p. 1169.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bishara SE. Development of dental occlusion. In: Bishara SE, editor. Textbook of orthodontics. Pennsylvania: W.B. Saunders Company; 2001. p. 56.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. p. 145–8.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Germeç D, Taner TU. Lower lip sucking habit treated with a lip bumper appliance. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:1071–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Tozlu M, Germeç D. Ortodontide Myofonksiyonel Tedavi Seçenekleri. 7 Tepe Klinik. 2008;2:34–42.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Smith SS, Buschang PH, Watanabe E. Interarch tooth size relationships of 3 populations: “does Bolton’s apply?”. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:169–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kokich VG, Kokich VO. Interrelationship of orthodontics with periodontics and restorative dentistry. In: Nanda R, editor. Biomechanics and esthetic strategies in clinical orthodontics. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. p. 361.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mulligan TF. Diastemas: is permanent retention really necessary? In: Nanda R, Kapila S, editors. Current therapy in orthodontics. 1st ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2010. p. 215–27.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Polder BJ, Van’t Hof MA, Van der Linden FP, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of dental agenesis of permanent teeth. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2004;32:217–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Edwards JG. The diastema, the frenum, the frenectomy: a clinical study. Am J Orthod. 1977;71:489–508.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Dewel BF. The normal and abnormal labial frenum: clinical differentiation. J Am Dent Assoc. 1946;33:318–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Bishara SE. Management of diastemas in orthodontics. Am J Orthod. 1972;61:55–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Meister Jr F, Van Swol RL, Rank DF. The maxillary anterior frenectomy. J Wis Dent Assoc. 1981;57:205–10.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Joondeph DR. Stability, retention and relapse. In: Graber TM, Vanarsdall Jr RL, Vig KWL, editors. Orthodontics: current principles and techniques. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2012. p. 1011.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Little RM, Reidel RA. Postretention evaluation of stability and relapse – mandibular arches with generalized spacing. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;95:37–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Jonsson T, Magnusson TE. Crowding and spacing in the dental arches: long-term development in treated and untreated subjects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:384.e1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  21. de Morais JF, de Freitas MR, de Freitas KM, Janson G, Castello Branco N. Postretention stability after orthodontic closure of maxillary interincisor diastemas. J Appl Oral Sci. 2014;22:409–15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Becker A. The median diastema: a review of its aetiology. Israel J Dent Med. 1977;26:21–7.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sullivan TC, Turpin DL, Artun J. A postretention study of patients presenting with a maxillary median diastema. Angle Orthod. 1996;66:131–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Nanda R, Kapila S. Current therapy in orthodontics. 1st ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2010. p. 215–27.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Attia Y. Midline diastemas: closure and stability. Angle Orthod. 1993;63:209–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Zachrisson BU. Clinical experience with direct-bonded orthodontic retainers. Am J Orthod. 1977;71:440–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Proffit WR, Fields Jr HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary orthodontics. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. p. 626–8.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthodontics, Yeditepe University, Dental Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey

    Derya Germec Cakan DDS, PhD

  2. Orthodontics, Private Practice, Istanbul, Turkey

    Korkmaz Sayınsu DDS, PhD

Authors
  1. Derya Germec Cakan DDS, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Korkmaz Sayınsu DDS, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Derya Germec Cakan DDS, PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ugur Erdemir

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey

    Esra Yildiz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cakan, D.G., Sayınsu, K. (2016). Treatment Options, Timing and Sequencing: Orthodontics. In: Erdemir, U., Yildiz, E. (eds) Esthetic and Functional Management of Diastema. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24361-0_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24361-0_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24359-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24361-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation