Abstract
There are a large number of small and inexpensive single-board computers with Linux operating systems available on the market today. Most of these aim for the consumer and enthusiast market, but can also be used in research and commercial applications. This paper builds on several years of experience with using such computers in student projects, as well as the development of cyber-physical and embedded control systems. A summary of the properties that are key for dependability for selected boards is given in tabulated form. These boards have interesting properties for many embedded and cyber-physical systems, e.g. high-performance, small size and low cost. The use of Linux for operating system means a development environment that is familiar to many developers, and the availability of many libraries and applications. While not suitable for applications were formally proven dependability is necessary, we argue that by actively mitigating some of the potential problems identified in this paper such computers can be used in many applications where high dependability is desirable, especially in combination with low-cost. A solution with redundant single-board computers is presented as a strategy for achieving high dependability. Due to the low cost and small size, this is feasible for applications were redundancy traditionally would be prohibitively too large or costly.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
BBC News, The Raspberry Pi computer goes on general sale, 29th February 2012. http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-17190918
Sha, L., Gopalakrishnan, S., Liu, X., Wang, Q.: Cyber-Physical systems: a new frontier. In: 2008 IEEE International Conference on, Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing, IEEE (2008)
Schneider, D., Armengaud, E., Schoitsch, E.: Towards trust assurance and certification in cyber-physical systems. In: Bondavalli, A., Ceccarelli, A., Ortmeier, F. (eds.) SAFECOMP 2014. LNCS, vol. 8696, pp. 180–191. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
Miclea, L., Sanislav, T.: About dependability in cyber-physical systems. In: 2011 9th East-West Design and Test Symposium (EWDTS), pp. 17–21. IEEE (2011)
Avižienis, A., Laprie, J.C., Randell, B., Landwehr, C.: Basic concepts and taxonomy of dependable and secure computing. IEEE Trans. Dependable Secure Comput. 1(1), 11–33 (2004). IEEE
Lehrbaum, R.: Using Linux in Embedded and Real-Time Systems. In: Linux Journal, vol. 2000, no. 75es, Belltown Media (2000)
Netland, Ø., Jenssen, G.D., Schade, H.M., Skavhaug, A.: An experiment on the effectiveness of remote, robotic inspection compared to manned. In: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp. 2310–2315. IEEE (2013)
Kruger, C.P., Hancke, G.P.: Benchmarking internet of things devices. In: 2014 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), pp. 611–616. IEEE (2014)
Wikipedia.: Comparison of single-board computers. Accessed 9th June 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_single-board_computers
Burns, A., Wellings, A.: Real-time systems and programming languages: Ada 95, real-time Java, and real-time POSIX. Addison Wesley, Boston (2001)
Vun, N., Hor, H.F., Chao, J.W.: Real-time enhancements for embedded linux. In: 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pp. 737–740. IEEE (2008)
Barabanov, M., Yodaiken, V.: Real-time linux. Linux J. 23 (1996)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Netland, Ø., Skavhaug, A. (2015). Dependable Cyber-Physical Systems with Redundant Consumer Single-Board Linux Computers. In: Koornneef, F., van Gulijk, C. (eds) Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. SAFECOMP 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9338. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24249-1_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24249-1_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24248-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24249-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)