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Interventional Urology pp 327–339Cite as

Hemorrhagic Cystitis

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Abstract

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a symptom complex that refers to bleeding caused by an irritation of the bladder mucosa that can be of insidious or rapid onset. Patients present with some degree of gross hematuria as well as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS); however, the range to which these symptoms manifest is wide with varying degrees of resistance to treatment depending on the underlying etiology. A proposed underlying mechanism is urothelial cell irritation with subsequent mucosal edema followed by cell death. The bladder muscle and vasculature are exposed to urine, which contains urokinase, a serine protease with fibrinolytic activity (Hong et al., Nephron 55:287–291, 1990). The resultant bleeding can be difficult to control and begins to explain why this condition can be so difficult to treat.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Vidhush K. Yarlagadda MD, Aaron M. Fischman MD & Jeffrey W. Nix MD

  2. Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA

    Jeremy Cash Horn MD

Authors
  1. Vidhush K. Yarlagadda MD
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  2. Jeremy Cash Horn MD
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  3. Aaron M. Fischman MD
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  4. Jeffrey W. Nix MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeffrey W. Nix MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Focal Therapy and Interventional Urologic Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

    Ardeshir R. Rastinehad

  2. Department of Radiology, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medici Department of Radiology, New Hyde Park, New York, USA

    David N. Siegel

  3. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Peter A. Pinto

  4. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Bradford J. Wood

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Yarlagadda, V.K., Horn, J.C., Fischman, A.M., Nix, J.W. (2016). Hemorrhagic Cystitis. In: Rastinehad, A., Siegel, D., Pinto, P., Wood, B. (eds) Interventional Urology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23464-9_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23464-9_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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