Abstract
Mendel’s laws of inheritance can be explained in terms of chromosome behaviour (pairing and separation) during the two nuclear (cell) divisions of meiosis. However, genes on the same chromosome display partial linkage in their inheritance rather than independent assortment, the closer they are together the greater their association. Work on maize proved that the cytological (physical) crossing-over of homologous chromosomes is accompanied by genetic crossing-over of genes in the same linkage group. Recombination frequencies and mapping functions can be used to construct genetic linkage maps. Since the 1980s, an abundance of molecular (DNA) genetic markers have become available in all economically important crops and consequently so have densely populated linkage maps of all of their chromosomes. Next-Generation Sequencing of DNA is contributing a large number of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Breeders can expect to find SNPs within or tightly linked to genes of economic importance for use in marker-assisted selection.
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Bradshaw, J.E. (2016). Mendelian Genetics and Linkage Maps. In: Plant Breeding: Past, Present and Future. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23285-0_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23285-0_4
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