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Organic Amendments and Soil Suppressiveness in Plant Disease Management pp 187–206Cite as

Microbial Suppressiveness of Pythium Damping-Off Diseases

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Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 46))

Abstract

Damping-off diseases incited by different species of Pythium are a persistent problem worldwide, often resulting in reduced yields and occasionally resulting in major crop damage. There have been increasing restrictions on the use of chemical fungicides, and the development of disease-suppressive biocontrol agents has become a major goal of horticultural industry. Consequently, investigation of the population dynamics and tripartite interaction between the plant, pathogen and antagonist is crucial to understand the mechanistic pathway of biocontrol agents (BCA).

Whereby there are two different antagonistic mechanisms: firstly, direct mechanism resulting from physical contact and/or a high degree of selectivity for the pathogen by the mechanism expressed by the BCA (e.g., hyperparasitism, antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and other by-products as well as suppression of germination) and, secondly, indirect mechanism resulting from activities that do not involve sensing or targeting a pathogen by the BCA through two mechanisms, competition and stimulation of plant host defense. Additionally, some microorganisms exhibited one mechanism, while others may work through several mechanisms. Several microbial groups have successfully exploited in the production of novel bioactive products. There are many ways for BCA application either alone or in combination with each other. However, there is still great potential for the discovery of microbes with increased biocontrol abilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Department, King Khalid University, Abha, 9004, Saudi Arabia

    Mona Kilany, Essam H. Ibrahim, Saad Al Amry, Sulaiman Al Roman & Sazada Siddiqi

  2. Microbiology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt

    Mona Kilany

  3. Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo, Egypt

    Essam H. Ibrahim

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  1. Defence Research Laboratory, Ministry of Defence, Defence R & D Organisation, Tezpur, Assam, India

    Mukesh K. Meghvansi

  2. Amity University Uttar Pradesh Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Kilany, M., Ibrahim, E.H., Al Amry, S., Al Roman, S., Siddiqi, S. (2015). Microbial Suppressiveness of Pythium Damping-Off Diseases. In: Meghvansi, M., Varma, A. (eds) Organic Amendments and Soil Suppressiveness in Plant Disease Management. Soil Biology, vol 46. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23075-7_9

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