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Novel Biomarkers in the Continuum of Breast Cancer pp 33–68Cite as

Epigenetic Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk: Across the Breast Cancer Prevention Continuum

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((BCRF,volume 882))

Abstract

Epigenetic biomarkers, such as DNA methylation, can increase cancer risk through altering gene expression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Network has demonstrated breast cancer-specific DNA methylation signatures. DNA methylation signatures measured at the time of diagnosis may prove important for treatment options and in predicting disease-free and overall survival (tertiary prevention). DNA methylation measurement in cell free DNA may also be useful in improving early detection by measuring tumor DNA released into the blood (secondary prevention). Most evidence evaluating the use of DNA methylation markers in tertiary and secondary prevention efforts for breast cancer comes from studies that are cross-sectional or retrospective with limited corresponding epidemiologic data, raising concerns about temporality. Few prospective studies exist that are large enough to address whether DNA methylation markers add to the prediction of tertiary and secondary outcomes over and beyond standard clinical measures. Determining the role of epigenetic biomarkers in primary prevention can help in identifying modifiable pathways for targeting interventions and reducing disease incidence. The potential is great for DNA methylation markers to improve cancer outcomes across the prevention continuum. Large, prospective epidemiological studies will provide essential evidence of the overall utility of adding these markers to primary prevention efforts, screening, and clinical care.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Mary Beth Terry, Jasmine A. McDonald & Sybil Eng

  2. Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Mary Beth Terry & Regina M. Santella

  3. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Hui Chen Wu & Regina M. Santella

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    Vered Stearns

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Terry, M., McDonald, J., Wu, H., Eng, S., Santella, R. (2016). Epigenetic Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk: Across the Breast Cancer Prevention Continuum. In: Stearns, V. (eds) Novel Biomarkers in the Continuum of Breast Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 882. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22909-6_2

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