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Other Malignancies Primary and Metastatic and Miscellaneous Lesions

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The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology

Abstract

Bladder cancer is histologically classified as urothelial carcinoma (UC) and non-urothelial carcinoma (non-UC). UC is the most prevalent histologic type, worldwide, and constitutes 90 % of bladder cancers. It may be pure UC or associated with divergent histological differentiation including squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), adenocarcinoma, and other aberrant morphology. Primary non-urothelial bladder tumors are rare, representing less than 5 % of all bladder tumors combined, in Europe and North America. Non-urothelial tumors include pure SqCC, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and other uncommon tumors. Primary non-UC may be histologically and cytologically difficult to distinguish from UC with divergent differentiation in small biopsy or cytological samples, which ranges from 7 to 81 %. Primary non-UC of the bladder has an aggressive biological behavior, often present at an advanced stage of disease, and despite aggressive surgical management these tumors have a poor overall survival.

Secondary malignancies in the urinary bladder consist of either tumors with direct extension from the adjoining organs or metastatic tumors from the distant organs, the latter being rare. Prognosis of the secondary malignant tumors is unfavorable.

Unlike the UC, the true diagnostic usefulness of urine cytology for non-urothelial malignancies of the urinary tract is not well known. Liquid-based preparations (LBP) are increasingly being used for processing urinary cytology. The cytomorphology of LBP in urine cytology is different from classical preparations. Accurate diagnosis of non-UC frequently requires review of clinical and imaging data, of any previous primary malignancy and immunocytochemistry, all of which are critical for prompt management and subsequent prognostic evaluation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, Starr1036, New York, NY, 10065, USA

    Rana S. Hoda M.D.

  2. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Health Systems, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, USA

    Stefan E. Pambuccian M.D.

  3. Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX, USA

    Jae Y. Ro M.D., Ph.D.

  4. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Jae Y. Ro M.D., Ph.D.

  5. Department of Pathology, Yonsei and Ewha Womans University Hospitals, Seoul, South Korea

    Jae Y. Ro M.D., Ph.D.

  6. Department of Pathology, MokDong Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea

    Sun Hee Sung M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Rana S. Hoda M.D.
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  2. Stefan E. Pambuccian M.D.
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  3. Jae Y. Ro M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Rana S. Hoda M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Johns Hopkins Hospital, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Dorothy L. Rosenthal

  2. Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center Department of Pathology, MAYWOOD, Illinois, USA

    Eva M. Wojcik

  3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory M, University of Wisconsin School of Medine Department of Pathology and Laboratory M, MADISON, Wisconsin, USA

    Daniel F.I. Kurtycz

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Hoda, R.S., Pambuccian, S.E., Ro, J.Y., Sung, S.H. (2016). Other Malignancies Primary and Metastatic and Miscellaneous Lesions. In: Rosenthal, D., Wojcik, E., Kurtycz, D. (eds) The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22864-8_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22864-8_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22863-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-22864-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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