Abstract
EBV latent infection is characterized by a highly restricted pattern of viral gene expression. EBV can establish latent infections in multiple different tissue types with remarkable variation and plasticity in viral transcription and replication. During latency, the viral genome persists as a multi-copy episome, a non-integrated-closed circular DNA with nucleosome structure similar to cellular chromosomes. Chromatin assembly and histone modifications contribute to the regulation of viral gene expression, DNA replication, and episome persistence during latency. This review focuses on how EBV latency is regulated by chromatin and its associated processes.
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Abbreviations
- 3C:
-
Chromatin conformation capture
- BAH:
-
Bromo-adjacent homology
- BL:
-
Burkitt’s lymphoma
- CBD:
-
Chromosome binding domain
- ChIP:
-
Chromatin immunoprecipitation
- CMV:
-
Cytomegalovirus
- CTD:
-
Carboxy-terminal domain
- DDR:
-
DNA damage response
- DS:
-
Dyad symmetry
- EBV:
-
Epstein–Barr virus
- FGARAT:
-
Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase
- FR:
-
Family of repeats
- HDAC:
-
Histone deacetylase
- INR:
-
Initiator element
- KSHV:
-
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
- LCL:
-
Lymphoblastoid cell line
- MCFA:
-
Medium chain fatty acids
- MNase I:
-
Micrococcal nuclease I
- NPC:
-
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- NK/T:
-
Natural killer/T cell
- OriP:
-
Origin of plasmid replication
- PML-NB:
-
Promyelocytic leukemia-nuclear body
- SCFA:
-
Small chain fatty acids
- SUMO:
-
Small ubiquitin-like modifier
- TPA:
-
Phorbol ester 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- VPA:
-
Valproic acid
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Lieberman, P.M. (2015). Chromatin Structure of Epstein–Barr Virus Latent Episomes. In: Münz, C. (eds) Epstein Barr Virus Volume 1. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 390. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22822-8_5
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