Skip to main content

The Role of the Appleby Operation and Arterial Resection in the Multimodality Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

  • Chapter
Book cover Multimodality Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract

Most pancreatic adenocarcinomas recur systemically and tumors involving arterial structures recur rapidly even after radical resection. A safer modification of the Appleby operation has attracted the attention of pancreatic surgeons as a potential approach for radical pancreatectomy in the context of a borderline resectable pancreatic cancer of the body and tail. The modified Appleby operation, which is synonymous with a distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis en bloc resection, is feasible and safe compared with standard distal pancreatectomy. It may lead to a wider surgical margin than that associated with standard distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic body/tail carcinoma and may relieve cancer pain by removal of the celiac arterial trunk and its associated nerve plexus. The procedure may be justified at sophisticated institutions for highly selected patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Hirano S, Kondo S, Hara T, et al. Distal pancreatectomy with en bloc celiac axis resection for locally advanced pancreatic body cancer: long-term results. Ann Surg. 2007;246:46–51.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Wu YL, Yan HC, Chen LR, et al. Extended Appleby’s operation for pancreatic cancer involving celiac axis. J Surg Oncol. 2007;96:442–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Fortner JG. Regional resection of cancer of the pancreas: a new surgical approach. Surgery. 1973;73:307–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fortner JG, Kim DK, Cubilla A, et al. Regional pancreatectomy: en bloc pancreatic, portal vein and lymph node resection. Ann Surg. 1977;186:42–50.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Appleby LH. The coeliac axis in the expansion of the operation for gastric carcinoma. Cancer. 1953;6:704–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Appleby LH. Removal of the celiac axis in gastrectomy for carcinoma of the stomach in selected cases: a ten-year assessment. J Int Coll Surg. 1960;34:143–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Nimura Y, Hattori T, Miura K, et al. Experience of Appleby’s operation for advanced carcinoma of the pancreatic body and tail [in Japanese]. Shujutsu. 1976;30:885–9.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hishinuma S, Ogata Y, Matsui J, et al. Two cases of cancer of the pancreatic body undergoing gastric preservation with distal pancreatectomy combined with resection of the celiac axis [in Japanese with English abstract]. Jpn J Gastroenterol Surg. 1991;24:2782–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Konishi M, Kinoshita T, Nakagori T, et al. Distal pancreatectomy with resection of the celiac axis and reconstruction of the hepatic artery for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2000;7:183–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kondo S, Katoh H, Hirano S, et al. Results of radical distal pancreatectomy with en bloc resection of the celiac artery for locally advanced cancer of the pancreatic body. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2003;388:101–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Hishinuma S, Ogata Y, Tomikawa M, et al. Stomach-preserving distal pancreatectomy with combined resection of the celiac artery: radical procedure for locally advanced cancer of the pancreatic body. J Gastrointest Surg. 2007;11:743–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Wu X, Tao R, Lei R, et al. Distal pancreatectomy combined with celiac axis resection in treatment of carcinoma of the body/tail of the pancreas: a single-center experience. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:1359–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Takahashi Y, Kaneoka Y, Maeda A, et al. Distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. World J Surg. 2011;35:2535–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yamamoto Y, Sakamoto Y, Ban D, et al. Is celiac axis resection justified for T4 pancreatic body cancer? Surgery. 2012;151:61–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Evans DB, Rich TA, Byrd DR, et al. Preoperative chemoradiation and pancreaticoduodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Arch Surg. 1992;127:1335–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Varadhachary GR, Tamm EP, Abbruzzese JL, et al. Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: definitions, management, and role of preoperative therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13:1035–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Katz MH, Pisters PW, Evans DB, et al. Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: the importance of this emerging stage of disease. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:833–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Callery MP, Chang KJ, Fishman EK, et al. Pretreatment assessment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: expert consensus statement. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:1727–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Katz MH, Wang H, Fleming JB, et al. Long-term survival after multidisciplinary management of resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:836–47.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Evans DB, Farnell MB, Lillemoe KD, et al. Surgical treatment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreas cancer: expert consensus statement. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009;16:1736–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Evans DB, Erickson BA, Ritch P. Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: definitions and the importance of multimodality therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17:2803–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Walters DM, Lapar DJ, de Lange EE, et al. Pancreas-protocol imaging T a high-volume center leads to improved preoperative staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18:2764–71.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Schwarz L, Lupinacci RM, Svrcek M, et al. Para-aortic lymph node sampling in pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg. 2014;101:530–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Tol JA, Gouma DJ, Bassi C, International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery. Definition of a standard lymphadenectomy in surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a consensus statement by the International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS). Surgery. 2014;156:591–600.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Eaton PB. The coeliac axis. Anat Rec. 1917;13:369–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Malnar D, Klasan GS, Miletić D, et al. Properties of the celiac trunk—anatomical study. Coll Antropol. 2010;34:917–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Vandamme JP, Bonte J. The branches of the celiac trunk. Acta Anat. 1985;122:110–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Cavdar S, Gürbüz J, Zeybek A, et al. A variation of coeliac trunk. Kaibogaku Zasshi. 1998;73:505–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Hiatt JR, Gabbay J, Busuttil RW. Surgical anatomy of the hepatic arteries in 1000 cases. Ann Surg. 1994;220:50–2.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Okada K, Kawai M, Tani M, et al. Surgical strategy for patients with pancreatic body/tail carcinoma: who should undergo distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc celiac axis resection? Surgery. 2013;153:365–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Kanda M, Fujii T, Sahin TT, et al. Invasion of the splenic artery is a crucial prognostic factor in carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. Ann Surg. 2010;251:483–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Mollberg N, Rahbari NN, Koch M, et al. Arterial resection during pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2011;254:882–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Stitzenberg KB, Watson JC, Roberts A, et al. Survival after pancreatectomy with major arterial resection and reconstruction. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:1399–406.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Bockhorn M, Burdelski C, Bogoevski D, et al. Arterial en bloc resection for pancreatic carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2011;98:86–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Christians KK, Pilgrim CH, Tsai S, et al. Arterial resection at the time of pancreatectomy for cancer. Surgery. 2014;155:919–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Ozaki H, Kinoshita T, Kosuge T, et al. An aggressive therapeutic approach to carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. Cancer. 1996;77:2240–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Mayumi T, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, et al. Distal pancreatectomy with en bloc resection of the celiac artery for carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. Int J Pancreatol. 1997;22:15–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Bachellier P, Rosso E, Lucescu I, et al. Is the need for an arterial resection a contraindication to pancreatic resection for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma? A case-matched controlled study. J Surg Oncol. 2011;103:75–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Hirano S, Kondo S, Tanaka E, et al. Postoperative bowel function and nutritional status following distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc celiac axis resection. Dig Surg. 2010;27:212–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Kondo S, Katoh H, Shimizu T, et al. Preoperative embolization of the common hepatic artery in preparation for radical pancreatectomy for pancreas body cancer. Hepatogastroenterology. 2000;47:1447–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Abo D, Hasegawa Y, Sakuhara Y, et al. Feasibility of a dual microcatheter-dual interlocking detachable coil technique in preoperative embolization in preparation for distal pancreatectomy with en bloc celiac axis resection for locally advanced pancreatic body cancer. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2012;19:431–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Strasberg SM, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG. Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy procedure for adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas: ability to obtain negative tangential margins. J Am Coll Surg. 2007;204:244–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Okada K, Kawai M, Tani M, et al. Isolated Roux-en-Y anastomosis of the pancreatic stump in a duct-to-mucosa fashion in patients with distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc celiac axis resection. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2014;21:193–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kawai M, Tani M, Okada K, et al. Stump closure of a thick pancreas using stapler closure increases pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Am J Surg. 2013;206:352–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Bassi C, Dervenis C, Butturini G, International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula Definition. Postoperative pancreatic fistula: an international study group (ISGPF) definition. Surgery. 2005;138:8–13.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Wente MN, Bassi C, Dervenis C, et al. Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) after pancreatic surgery: a suggested definition by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS). Surgery. 2007;142:761–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Okada K, Kawai M, Tani M, et al. Preservation of the left gastric artery on the basis of anatomical features in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis en-bloc resection (DP-CAR). World J Surg. 2014;38:2980–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Takahashi H, Nara S, Ohigashi H, et al. Is preservation of the remnant stomach safe during distal pancreatectomy in patients who have undergone distal gastrectomy? World J Surg. 2013;37:430–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Kondo S, Ambo Y, Katoh H, et al. Middle colic artery-gastroepiploic artery bypass for compromised collateral flow in distal pancreatectomy with celiac artery resection. Hepatogastroenterology. 2003;50:305–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Satoi S, Yamaue H, Kato K, et al. Role of adjuvant surgery for patients with initially unresectable pancreatic cancer with a long-term favorable response to non-surgical anti-cancer treatments: results of a project study for pancreatic surgery by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013;20:590–600.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Conroy T, Desseigne F, Ychou M, et al. Groupe Tumeurs Digestives of Unicancer; PRODIGE Intergroup. FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1817–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Von Hoff DD, Ervin T, Arena FP, et al. Increased survival in pancreatic cancer with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1691–703.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Boone BA, Steve J, Krasinskas AM, et al. Outcomes with FOLFIRINOX for borderline resectable and locally unresectable pancreatic cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2013;108:236–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Konstantinidis IT, Warshaw AL, Allen JN, et al. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: is there a survival difference for R1 resections versus locally advanced unresectable tumors? What is a “true” R0 resection? Ann Surg. 2013;257:731–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Wente MN, Veit JA, Bassi C, et al. Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH): an International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition. Surgery. 2007;142:20–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240:205–13.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hiroki Yamaue .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Okada, Ki., Yamaue, H. (2016). The Role of the Appleby Operation and Arterial Resection in the Multimodality Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer. In: Katz, M., Ahmad, S. (eds) Multimodality Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22780-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22780-1_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22779-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-22780-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics