Skip to main content

The Sky Is an Ocean

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Great Canoes in the Sky

Abstract

It is estimated that on a dark moonless night, away from city lights, we can see about 5,000 stars with the naked eye. It is no surprise, then, that star lore concerning these points of light should be so rich and varied the world over, and this is reflected in the variety of different names that exist for the same stars. Furthermore, cultures also see unique patterns in the stars and attribute different meanings to them. This chapter explores the nature of constellations and some of the watery themes that abound in interpretations of the sky, due to the importance of the sea to the people of Oceania. We find that amongst the patterns of the stars lurk watery monsters and primordial sharks. Also present are various embodiments of sailing technology in the form of canoes, sails, masts and anchors that allowed peoples to settle the empty islands of remote Oceania. Likewise, we find that fish and sharks rise and set over the Pacific, acting as markers of seasons and winds as well as reminders of the importance of the sea and of their counterparts in the waters below.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Charles P. Mountford, Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land, Vol. 1: Art, Myth and Symbolism, p. 501.

  2. 2.

    Duane W. Hamacher and David J. Frew, “An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae”, pp. 220–34.

  3. 3.

    Damon Salesa, “The Pacific in indigenous time,” p. 46.

  4. 4.

    Glenn Petersen, “Indigenous island empires: Yap and Tonga considered.”

  5. 5.

    Bronislaw Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific.

  6. 6.

    Alfred C. Haddon, “Legends from Torres Straits,” pp. 184–185.

  7. 7.

    Margaret Lawrie, Myths and Legends of the Torres Strait, pp. 88–92.

  8. 8.

    Alfred C. Haddon, “Legends from Torres Straits,” pp. 194–195.

  9. 9.

    W.H.R. Rivers, “Astronomy,” pp. 219–221.

  10. 10.

    Alfred C. Haddon, “Folk tales,” p. 3.

  11. 11.

    W.H.R. Rivers, “Astronomy,” pp. 221–222.

  12. 12.

    Ronald M. Berndt, “Some aspects of Jaralde culture, South Australia,” pp. 164–185.

  13. 13.

    George Taplin, “The folklore, manners, customs, and languages of the South Australian,” pp. 38–39.

  14. 14.

    Charles P. Mountford, Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land, Vol. 1: Art, Myth and Symbolism, pp. 482–484.

  15. 15.

    Götz Hoeppe, “When the shark bites the stingray: The night sky in the construction of the Manus world,” p. 32.

  16. 16.

    Claire Bowern, Sisiva Titan: Sketch Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary Based on Material Collected by P. Joseph Meier and Po Minis, p. 164.

  17. 17.

    Richard Parkinson et al, Thirty years in the South Seas: Land and people, customs and traditions in the Bismarck Archipelago and on the German Solomon Islands, p.168.

  18. 18.

    Roy Wagner, Asiwinarong: Ethos, Image and Social Power Among the Usen Barok of New Ireland, p.44.

  19. 19.

    E.R. Edwards and J.A. Belmonte, “Megalithic astronomy of Easter Island: A reassessment. and Belmont”, p.425.

  20. 20.

    Richard Feinberg, Oral Traditions of Anuta: A Polynesian Outlier in the Solomon Islands, pp. 27–29.

  21. 21.

    Samuel H. Elbert and Torben Monberg, From the Two Canoes: Oral Traditions of Rennell and Bellona Islands, pp.113–115.

  22. 22.

    Johannes Andersen, “Myths and Legends of the Polynesians”.

  23. 23.

    Claude Teriirooiterai, “Mythes, astronomie, découpage du temps et navigation traditionnelle: l’héritage océanien contenu dans les mots de la langue tahitienne, pp. 341–342.

  24. 24.

    A. Leverd, “The Tahitian version of Tafa’i (or Tawhaki)”, pp. 1–12.

  25. 25.

    Robert W. Williamson, Religious and Cosmic Beliefs of Central Polynesia. Volume 1, p. 38.

  26. 26.

    Samuel H. Elbert and Torben Monberg, From the Two Canoes: Oral Traditions of Rennell and Bellona Islands, pp. 159–163.

  27. 27.

    Richard Feinberg, Oral Traditions of Anuta: A Polynesian Outlier in the Solomon Islands, p. 107.

  28. 28.

    Claire Bowern, Sisiva Titan: Sketch Grammar, Texts, Vocabulary Based on Material Collected by P. Joseph Meier and Po Minis, p. 168.

  29. 29.

    Götz Hoeppe, “When the shark bites the stingray: The night sky in the construction of the Manus world”, pp. 27–29.

  30. 30.

    Jack A. Tobin, Stories from the Marshall Islands: Bwebenato jān Aelōñ Kein, pp. 56–62.

  31. 31.

    Takaji Abo et al, Marshallese-English dictionary.

  32. 32.

    Steven Trussel and Gordon Groves, A combined Kiribati-English dictionary.

  33. 33.

    Katherine Luomala, “Some fishing customs and beliefs in Tabiteuea (Gilbert Islands)”, p.540.

  34. 34.

    Marie-Claire Bataille-Benguigui, “The shark in Oceania: From mental perception to the image”, pp. 189–190.

  35. 35.

    Futu I. Helu, “Thinking in Tongan society”, pp. 49–50.

  36. 36.

    E.E.V. Collocott, “Tongan astronomy and calendar”, p. 160.

  37. 37.

    Kik Velt, Stars over Tonga, p. 103.

  38. 38.

    Marie-Claire Bataille-Benguigui, “The shark in Oceania: From mental perception to the image”, pp. 189–190.

  39. 39.

    Götz Hoeppe, “When the shark bites the stingray: The night sky in the construction of the Manus world”, p. 32.

  40. 40.

    Charles P. Mountford, Records of the American-Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem

    Land, Vol. 1: Art, Myth and Symbolism, p. 496.

  41. 41.

    W.H.R. Rivers, “Astronomy”, pp. 219–226.

  42. 42.

    Alfred C. Haddon, “Folk-tales”, p. 315.

  43. 43.

    W.H.R. Rivers, “Astronomy”, p. 221.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chadwick, S.R., Paviour-Smith, M. (2017). The Sky Is an Ocean. In: The Great Canoes in the Sky. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22623-1_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics