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Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring XV pp 3–7Cite as

Mechanism of Traumatic Brain Injury at Distant Locations After Exposure to Blast Waves: Preliminary Results from Animal and Phantom Experiments

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Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 122))

Abstract

Purpose Primary blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the least understood of the four phases of blast injury. Distant injury induced by the blast wave, on the opposite side from the wave entry, is not well understood. This study investigated the mechanism of distant injury in bTBI. Materials and Methods Eight 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups: group 1 served as the control group and did not receive any shock wave (SW) exposure; group 2 was exposed to SWs (12.5 ± 2.5 MPa). Propagation of SWs within a brain phantom was evaluated by visualization, pressure measurement, and numerical simulation. Results Intracerebral hemorrhage near the ignition site and elongation of the distant nucleus were observed, despite no apparent damage between the two locations in the animal experiment. Visualization, pressure measurement, and numerical simulation indicated the presence of complex wave dynamics accompanying a sudden increase in pressure, followed by negative pressure in the phantom experiment. Conclusion A local increase in pressure above the threshold caused by interference of reflection and rarefaction waves in the vicinity of the brain–skull surface may cause distant injury in bTBI.

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan

    Atsuhiro Nakagawa MD, PhD & Teiji Tominaga MD, PhD

  2. Institute of Fluid Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

    Kiyonobu Ohtani D.Eng

  3. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Keisuke Goda PhD

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

    Keisuke Goda PhD

  5. Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan

    Daisuke Kudo MD, PhD

  6. Division of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan

    Tatsuhiko Arafune PhD

  7. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan

    Toshikatsu Washio D.Eng

Authors
  1. Atsuhiro Nakagawa MD, PhD
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  2. Kiyonobu Ohtani D.Eng
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  3. Keisuke Goda PhD
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  4. Daisuke Kudo MD, PhD
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  5. Tatsuhiko Arafune PhD
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  6. Toshikatsu Washio D.Eng
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  7. Teiji Tominaga MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Atsuhiro Nakagawa MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore

    Beng-Ti Ang

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Nakagawa, A. et al. (2016). Mechanism of Traumatic Brain Injury at Distant Locations After Exposure to Blast Waves: Preliminary Results from Animal and Phantom Experiments. In: Ang, BT. (eds) Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring XV. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 122. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22533-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22533-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22532-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-22533-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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